ULMACE^E 



289 



Flowers on short pedicels ; fruit naked on the margins. 



Bud-scales coated with rusty hairs ; brauchlets destitute of corky wings ; fruit 



pubescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, scabrous on the upper, pubescent on the lower 



surface. 4. U. fulva (A, C). 



Flowers autumnal, appearing in the axils of leaves of the year ; branchlets furnished 



with corky wings ; fruit hirsute. 



Bud-scales puberulous ; flowers on short pedicels ; leaves ovate, scabrous on the 

 upper, soft-pubescent on the lower surface. 5. U. crassif olia (C). 



Bud-scales glabrous ; flowers on long pedicels ; leaves oblong to oblong-obovate, 

 acuminate, glabrous on the upper, pale and puberulous on the lower surface. 



6. U. serotina (C). 

 1. Flowers vernal, appearing before the leaves. 



1. Ulmus Americana, L. White Elm. 



Leaves obovate-oblong to oval, abruptly narrowed at the apex into long points, 

 full and rounded at the base on one side and shorter and wedge-shaped on the other, 

 coarsely doubly serrate, with slightly incurved teeth, when they unfold coated below 

 with pale pubescence and pilose above, with long scattered white hairs, at maturity 

 4'-6' long, 1/-3' wide, dark green and glabrous or scabrate above, pale and soft- 

 pubescent or sometimes glabrous below, with narrow pale midribs and numerous 



slender straight primary veins running to the points of the teeth and connected by 

 fine cross veinlets, turning bright clear yellow in the autumn before falling; their 

 petioles stout, ^' long; stipules linear-lanceolate, ^'-2' long. Flowers on long slen- 

 der drooping pedicels sometimes 1' in length, in 3 or 4-flowered short-stalked fasci- 

 cles; calyx irregularly divided into 7-9 rounded lobes ciliate on the margins, often 

 somewhat oblique, puberulous on the outer surface, green tinged with red above the 

 middle; anthers bright red; ovary light green, ciliate on the margins, with long white 

 hairs; styles light green. Fruit on long stems in crowded clusters, ripening as the 

 leaves unfold, ovate to obovate-oblong, slightly stipitate, conspicuously reticulate- 

 venulose, ' long, ciliate on the margins, the sharp points of the wings incurved and 

 inclosing the deep notch. 



A tree, sometimes 100-120 high, with a tall trunk 6-ll in diameter, frequently 

 enlarged at the base by great buttresses, occasionally rising with a straight nncli- 



