300 



TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



light brown or silvery gray, broken on the surface into thick appressed scales, and 

 sometimes roughened by irregular wart-like excrescences or ridges also found on 

 the large branches. Wood heavy, rather soft, not strong, coarse-grained, clear light 

 yellow, with thick lighter colored sapwood; largely used for fencing and in the 

 manufacture of cheap furniture. 



Distribution. Valley of the St. Lawrence River near Montreal, westward to 

 southern Ontario, and in the United States from the shores of Massachusetts Bay to 

 northwestern Nebraska, North Dakota, southern Idaho, eastern Washington and 

 Oregon, western Washington, Nevada, New Mexico, and southward to the shores of 

 Bay Biscayne and Cape Romano, Florida, and to Missouri and eastern Texas; rare 

 east of the Hudson River, more abundant in western New York and the middle 

 states, and of its largest size on the rich bottom-lands of the lower Ohio basin ; grow- 

 ing usually in rich moist soil and often, especially in the east, on dry gravelly or 

 rocky hillsides; west of the Rocky Mountains, a small tree or shrub rarely 30 high, 

 with thick rigid scabrous reticulate leaves, exceedingly rare and only on the banks 

 of streams. A dwarf shrubby form found usually on the rocky banks of streams 

 with stems 4-10 tall and small usually rugose leaves is not uncommon in the south 

 Atlantic states, ranging westward to Missouri, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada (var. 

 pumila, Gray). 



Often planted as a shade and ornamental tree in the states between the Mississippi 

 River and the Rocky Mountains and occasionally in the eastern states and in Europe. 



2. Celtis Mississippiensis, Bosc. Sugarberry. Hackberry. 



Leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate, long-pointed, more or less falcate, unequally 

 rounded or very oblique or unequally wedge-shaped at the base, entire or occasion- 

 ally serrate, with minute incurved teeth, or rarely furnished above the middle 



with 1 or 2 broad sharp teeth, when they unfold light yellow-green and nearly 

 glabrous or coated with pale pubescence, at maturity firm, smooth, glabrous, dark 

 green on the upper and pale on the lower surface, 3'-4' long, f'-3' wide, with nar- 

 row yellow midribs and slender veins arcuate and united near the margins and con- 

 nected by conspicuous reticulate veinlets; their petioles slender, \'-\' long; stipules 

 linear-strap-shaped, coated with soft white hairs. Flowers on slender hirsute ped- 

 icels; calyx divided into 5 ovate lanceolate glabrous or puberulous scarious lobes 



