362 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



unfold villose above and coated below with hoary tomentum, at maturity thin and 

 glabrous, dark dull green on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, l^'-2' 

 long, '-!' wide, with slender midribs and primary veins, turning yellow in the 

 autumn before falling; their petioles slender, '- f' long. Flowers appearing when 

 the leaves are about one third grown, on slender pedicels ' ' long, in erect or nodding 

 villose racemes soon becoming glabrous, and l^'-2^' long; calyx campanulate, at 

 first tomentose, soon glabrous, with linear acute lobes villose on the inner surface, 

 and oblong-obovate petals about ' long and -fa' wide. Fruit ripening early in the 

 summer, depressed-globose, about \' in diameter, bright red when fully grown, 

 becoming dark purple and covered with a glaucous bloom; seeds ^' long, with a 

 dark red-brown opaque coat. 



A tree*, sometimes 25-30 high, with a single stem, erect branches forming a dense 

 round-topped head, and slender branchlets covered when they first appear with hoary 

 tomentum, soon glabrous, and bright red-brown and marked by numerous minute 

 pale lenticels in their first winter, later becoming darker; often with numerous 



spreading stems forming a broad tall bush. "Winter-buds \' long, pale chestnut- 

 brown, and pubescent above the middle. Bark \'-\' thick, pale reddish brown and 

 scaly, with small persistent scales. 



Distribution. Borders of streams and swamps in low wet soil ; Nova Scotia and 

 New Brunswick to Ontario, and northward to the valley of the Mackenzie River 

 in latitude 65 north, and southward through the northern states and along the 

 Alleghany Mountains to Virginia and westward to Minnesota; as a small shrub with 

 narrower petals in the coast region of the south Atlantic and Gulf states from North 

 Carolina to Alabama. 



A large-fruited variety is occasionally planted in the middle west for its juicy 

 agreeably subacid fruit. 



3. Amelanchier alnifolia, Nutt. Service Berry. 



Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular, obtuse or rarely acute, rounded or subcordate 

 at the base, sharply and coarsely serrate above the middle, with incurved rigid teeth, 

 when they unfold floccose-tomentose below and often pilose above, soon becoming 



