452 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



hairs more abundant below than above, nearly half grown when the flowers open 

 during the first half of May and then roughened on the upper surface by short white 

 hairs and glabrous or sparingly villose on the midribs and veins below, with scattered 

 hairs sometimes persistent throughout the season, and at maturity membranaceous, 

 light yellow-green, lustrous and glabrous above, paler below, l'-2' long and broad, 

 with stout yellow midribs and 6 or 7 pairs of slender primary veins arching obliquely 

 to the points of the lobes, turning purplish in the autumn before falling; their petioles 

 slender, covered at first with matted pale hairs, becoming glabrous, slightly glandu- 

 lar, often tinged with red below the middle, f'-l' long; stipules lanceolate to linear, 

 glandular, with stipitate dark red glands tinged with red, caducous; on vigorous 

 shoots sometimes long-pointed at the apex and slightly cordate at the base, more 

 deeply lobed and more coarsely serrate, and often 3'-4' long and broad. Flowers 

 !'-!' in diameter, on long slender slightly hairy pedicels; in broad villose 10-15- 

 flowered sparingly villose corymbs, with glandular caducous bracts and bractlets; 

 calyx-tube broadly obconic, villose or nearly glabrous, the lobes acuminate, coarsely 



glandular-serrate; glabrous on the outer and villose on the inner surface; stamens 5~ 

 10, usually 5; anthers dark rose color; styles 3-5, usually 5. Fruit ripening from 

 the first to the middle of September and soon falling, on stout glabrous pedicels, 

 in drooping few-fruited clusters, globose to slightly obovate, bright red or scarlet, 

 becoming purple when fully ripe, ^'-f' long, f'-f wide; calyx prominent, with erect 

 and incurved coarsely serrate lobes; flesh thick, yellow, juicy, mildly acid and edible; 

 nutlets 3-5, usually 5, narrowed and acute at the ends, rounded and very irregularly 

 ridged on the back, j'-yY l n g- 



A tree, sometimes 30 high, with a trunk rarely 1 in diameter and 6-9 long, 

 covered by light gray slightly fissured smooth bark, spreading or ascending branches 

 forming an oblong open head, and slender branchlets at first slightly villose, becom- 

 ing glabrous, dull red, and ultimately gray or olive-gray, and armed with stout nearly 

 straight spines much thickened below the middle, dark chestnut-brown and lustrous, 

 becoming dull brown or gray, and usually l'-2' long. 



Distribution. Pastures, open woods or their borders; northeastern Illinois, 

 Wauconda, Fort Sheridan, Deerfield, Lake Forest, Lockport (E. J. Hill). 



