716 



TREES OP NORTH AMERICA 



thin appressed scales. Wood heavy, exceedingly hard, strong, close-grained, light 

 brown tinged with red, with lighter colored sapwood of 30-40 layers of annual 

 growth; used in cabinet-making, for mauls and the handles of tools. 



Distribution. Usually in moist well-drained soil under the shade of coniferous 

 forests; valley of the lower Fraser River and Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 

 southward through western Washington and Oregon, on the coast ranges of Cali- 

 fornia to the San Bernardino Mountains, and on the western slopes of the Sierra 

 Nevada; southward ascending to elevations of 4000-5000 above the level of the 

 sea; of its largest size near the shores of Puget Sound and in the Redwood forests 

 of northern California. 



3. Cornus asperifolia, Michx. Dogwood. 



Leaves ovate or oblong, gradually or abruptly contracted at the apex into long 

 slender points, gradually narrowed or rounded and cuneate at the base, and slightly 

 thickened on the undulate margins^ when they unfold coated with lustrous silvery 

 tomentum, and nearly fully grown when the flowers open from the middle of May 

 in Texas to the middle of July at the north, and then dark green and roughened 

 above by short rigid white hairs, and pale, often glaucous or rough-pubescent below, 

 and at maturity membranaceous, scabrous on the upper, pubescent or puberulous on 

 the lower surface, 3'-4' long and l^'-2' wide, with thin midribs and 46 pairs of slen- 

 der primary veins parallel with their sides; their petioles stout, grooved, pubescent, 



usually about ' long. Flowers cream color, on slender pedicels, in loose broad or 

 narrow often panicled pubescent cymes, on peduncles frequently V in length; calyx 

 oblong, cup-shaped, obscurely toothed, covered with fine silky white hairs; corolla- 

 lobes narrowly oblong, acute, about \' long, and reflexed after the flowers open; style 

 thickened at the apex into a prominent stigma, Fruit ripening from the end of 

 August until the end of October, in loose spreading red-stemmed clusters, subglo- 

 bose, white, tipped with the remnants of the style, about \' in diameter, with thin 

 dry and bitter flesh; and a full and rounded stone broader than high, somewhat 

 oblique, slightly grooved on the edge, and 1 or 2-seeded; seeds nearly \' long, with 

 a pale brown coat. 



A tree, sometimes nearly 50 high, with a short trunk 8'-10' in diameter, thin 



