OLEACE^E 777 



orbicular leaf-scars displaying a short row of conspicuous fibro-vascular bundle-scars. 

 Winter-buds terminal, acute, '-' long, with 4 pairs of scales covered with pale 

 hairs or with rusty pubescence, those of the inner rows often foliaceous at maturity. 

 Bark of the trunk l'-l' thick, dark gray, or brown slightly tinged with red. and 

 deeply divided by interrupted fissures into broad flat ridges separating on the sur- 

 face into thin scales. Wood light, hard, brittle, coarse-grained, brown, with thick 

 lighter colored sapwood; largely used in the manufacture of furniture, for the frames 

 of carriages and wagons, in cooperage, the interior finish of houses, and for fuel. 

 Distribution. Usually in rich moist soil in the neighborhood of streams; shores 



of Puget Sound and southward through western Washington and Oregon and the 

 California coast region to the Bay of San Francisco, and along the western foothills 

 of the Sierra Nevada to those of the mountains of San Bernardino and San Diego 

 counties, California; most abundant and of its largest size on the bottom-lands of 

 the rivers of southwestern Oregon; one of the most valuable of the deciduous-leaved 

 timber-trees of Pacific North America. 



2. CHIONANTHUS, L. 



Trees or shrubs, with stout terete or slightly angled branchlets, thick pith, and buds 

 with numerous opposite scales. Leaves simple, conduplicate in the bud, deciduous. 

 Flowers perfect or andro-dioecious, on elongated ebracteolate pedicels, in 3-flowered 

 clusters terminal on the slender opposite branches of ample loose panicles from 

 separate buds in the axils of the upper leaves of the previous year, with foliaceous 

 persistent bracts; calyx minute, deeply 4-parted, the divisions imbricated in the bud, 

 persistent under the fruit; corolla white, deeply divided into 4 or rarely 5 or 6 elon- 

 gated linear lobes conduplicate-valvate in the bud, united at the base into a short tube, 

 or rarely separable; stamens 2, inserted on the base of the corolla opposite the axis 

 of the flower, or rarely 4, included; filaments terete, short; anthers ovate, attached 

 on the back below the middle, apiculate by the elongation of the connective, 2-celled, 

 the cells opening by longitudinal lateral or subextrorse slits; ovary ovate, abruptly 

 contracted into a short columnar style; stigma thick and fleshy, slightly 2-lobed; 

 ovules laterally attached near the apex of the cell; raphe ventral. Fruit an ovoid or 

 oblong, usually 1 or rarely 2 or 3-seeded thick-skinned drupe tipped with the rem- 



