808 TREES OF NORTH AMERICA 



Bark of the trunk deeply and irregularly fissured, the dark brown surface slightly 

 tinged with red and broken into small square appressed scales. Wood light, soft, 

 weak, coarse-grained, yellow tinged with brown, with thin lighter colored sapwood. 



Distribution. Gravelly rather dry soil of valleys and river-bottoms; British 

 Columbia to the southern borders of California, and eastward to the Blue Mountains 

 of Oregon, the Wasatch Mountains of Utah, and to northern Montana; very abun- 

 dant in the coast region; comparatively rare . in the interior; of its largest size in 

 the valleys of western Oregon; northward, and east of the Cascade and Sierra 

 Nevada Mountains rarely arborescent. 



Occasionally planted as an ornamental plant in the Pacific states. 



2. VIBURNUM, A. L. de Juss. 



Trees or shrubs, with tough flexible branchlets, and large winter-buds enveloped 

 in one pair of scales. Leaves deciduous, without stipules, the first pair rudimentary, 

 with small blades and broad boat-shaped petioles, caducous (in the North American 

 arborescent species). Flowers on short bracteolate or bibracteolate pedicels, in 

 terminal or axillary umbel-like flat or panicled cymes, their bracts and bractlets 

 minute, lanceolate, acute, caducous; calyx-tube cylindrical, the limb short, equally 

 5-lobed, persistent on the fruit; corolla rotate, equally 5-lobed, spreading and 

 reflexed after anthesis; stamens inserted on the base of the corolla; filaments elon- 

 gated, exserted ; anthers bright yellow; ovary inferior, 1-celled ; style conical, divided 

 at the apex into three stigmatic lobes. Fruit 1-celled, with thin sweet acidulous or 

 oily flesh; stone (in the North American arborescent species) coriaceous, oval, short- 

 pointed at the apex, much flattened, dull reddish brown, slightly pitted. Seed filling 

 the cavity of the stone, concave on the ventral face, bright reddish brown, the thin 

 coat projected into a red narrow irregular often erose marginal border. 



Viburnum with about eighty species is widely and generally distributed through 

 the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, and occurs on the mountains 

 of central and western South America, on the Antilles, the islands of the Malay 

 Archipelago, and Madagascar. Of the fifteen North American species three are 

 small trees. Many of the species produce beautiful flowers and fruits, and are fre- 

 quently cultivated as ornaments of parks and gardens. 



Viburnum is the classical name of one of the European species. 



CONSPECTUS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ARBORESCENT SPECIES. 



Petioles wing-margined. 



Winter-buds long-pointed, scurfy-pubescent ; leaves ovate, usually acuminate. 



1. V. Lentago (A, C, F). 



Winter-buds short-pointed, ferrugineo-tomentose ; leaves elliptical-ovate or elliptical- 

 obovate, usually rounded at the apex. 2. V. rufidulum (A, C). 



Petioles usually without margins ; winter-buds short-pointed or obtuse, rufous-pubescent ; 

 leaves ovate, oval, or suborbicular, rounded or acute at the apex. 



3. V. prunifolium (A, C). 



1. Viburnum Lentago, L. Sheepberry. Nannyberry. 



Leaves ovate, usually acuminate, with short or elongated points, or sometimes 

 rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped, rounded or subcordate at the base and sharply 

 serrate, with incurved callous-tipped teeth, when they unfold bronze-green, lustrous, 



