182 



himself of his collar, and making for the fields, attacked and 

 slaughtered the sheep ; returning after the butchery, he 

 washed from his mouth and throat the proofs of his guilt, 

 and reached his home, replacing the collar, and lying down on 

 the straw, reposing as if nothing had happened. 



A still higher development of this faculty appears to exist 

 in the oran and chimpanze. A young one of each of these 

 species (Fig. 133) attached itself to the keeper, and assumed 

 on a variety of occasions all the habits of a child. It reached 

 by means of a chair the lock which secured it in its cage ; 

 on this being removed by the keeper, the chimpanze put 

 another chair in its place. In this action we see not only 

 the power of acquiring knowledge by experience, but also 

 the ability to generalize. 



337. In this approach 

 to human intelligence in the 

 lower animals, the quad- 

 rum ana and carnivora are 

 foremost ;* after these come 

 the pachydermata, as the 

 elephant and horse; next, 

 the ruminants ; last of all 

 mammals, the rodents, .as 

 the beaver, squirrel, &c. 

 The squirrel cannot be 

 taught to recognise its own 

 master; the ruminant re- 

 cognises its master, but a 

 change of clothes is suffi- 

 cient to make it mistake 

 him for a stranger. Thus, 

 a bison, in "the Garden," 

 obeyed perfectly its master, 

 until he happened to change 

 his clothes, when it attacked him impetuously; on as- 



* No animal lower .than man seems to me to possess the faculty of gene- 

 ralization. K. K. * 



t First described by M. Isidore Geoffrey (St. Hilaire) in such a way as 

 to leave nothing to be desired. A controversy was raised some time ago 

 in this country respecting the resemblance of the brain of the gorilla to 

 the human brain. It was a controversy about words. They strictly re- 

 semble each other in all material points. The oran outan and chimpanz6 

 seem to me to stand higher in the scale of being than the gorilla, which is 

 a West African species, and dangerous to meet. Properly speaking, 

 there are no four-handed animals. It. K. 



Fig. 134. The Gorilla. t 



