MARINE ZOOLOGY 



17. Cellaria sinuosa, Hassal. 



A much stouter species than the last, and 

 consequently there are a greater number of 

 zooecia in the circumference. The upper 

 margins of the zocecia are curved, not 

 straight as in C. fistulosa, and the segments 

 of the stem are much longer. The colour 

 is a light buff. From deep water ; rare. 

 Hastings. 



FLUSTRIDJE 



1 8. Flustra fo/iacea, Linnaeus. 



Colonies forming long, flat, branching 

 expansions, of a horny consistence, and 

 with zocecia arranged in lines and covering 

 both surfaces. The zocecia are coffin- 

 shaped and carry two spines at either of 

 the upper corners. The whole face of the 

 zooecium is membraneous. Very common 

 upon shells, rock, etc. Hastings. 



1 9. Flustra papyracea, Ellis and Solander. 

 This species occurs in the form of rather 



close tufts or rosettes about 2 inches in 

 height. Zocecia oblong, with only one 

 spine at either upper corner. Colour buff ; 

 not uncommon. Hastings. 



MEMBRANIPORID/E 



20. Membranipora lacroixii, Audouin. 

 Aperture of zooecia oval, margin more 



or less beaded. It occurs upon rocks and 

 stones at low tide, also upon shells, in three 

 forms, viz. one producing considerable and 

 uniform patches of stone ; secondly, it 

 forms dendritic, and rather radiating pat- 

 terns ; and, thirdly, there is a form with 

 spines around the apertures, and producing 

 colonies of a more or less close outline. 

 Common. Hastings. 



21. Membranipora monostachys. Busk. 

 Aperture of zocecium oval, not occupy- 

 ing the whole width ; generally with one 

 short and stout spine at the bottom, and 

 often one or more on either side in the 

 upper part ; occasionally there are none. 

 The form of the colony is characteristic 

 and might be expressed as erratically den- 

 dritic. Upon rock along the beach. Not 

 very common. Hastings. 



22. Membranipora catenularia, Jameson. 



Zooecia in single series, branches being 

 given off at an open angle and uniting 

 with others, thus forming reticulated pat- 

 terns. The zooecia are pear-shaped with 

 oval and moderate sized apertures. Upon 

 old shell of Cardium norvegicum from deep 

 water. Rare. Hastings. 



23. Membranipora pi/osa, Linnaeus. 

 Zocecia glassy, perforated, with oval 



aperture occupying the full width of 

 zocecium, and armed with spines of which 

 one at the bottom is very long and of a 

 horny nature. Very common upon almost 

 every object. 



Membranipora pilosa var. dentata, hav- 

 ing a short spine instead of a long one at 

 the bottom of the aperture, is also common. 

 Ranging from shore to deep water. Hast- 

 ings. 



24. Membranipora membranacea, Linnasus. 

 Covering rock and weed at low tide. 



Zocecium coffin-shaped, brown, leathery, 

 wrinkled, with a long spine upon the upper 

 margin on either side, and occasionally one 

 between them. Common. Hastings. 



25. Membranipora spinifera, Johnston.* 

 Hastings. 



26. Membranipora dumerillii, Audouin. 

 Zocecia form pearly patches upon rocks 



and stones at low water, also upon shells. 

 They are oval to sub-triangular, with two 

 spines on either side of aperture ; in some 

 specimens the spines are abnormally long. 

 Common. Hastings. 



27. Membranipora solidula. Alder and 



Hincks.* 

 Hastings. 



28. Membranipora aurita, Hincks. 

 Forming patches upon stone at low tide. 



Zocecium ovately oblong ; margin finely 

 beaded, with a spine upon one side only, 

 below the aperture. Not uncommon. 

 Hastings. 



29. Membra nipora flemingii, Busk. 

 Zocecium ovate, aperture sub-triangular 



and occupying rather more than half the 

 front area, the other portion forming a 

 calcareous wall. There are three spines 

 upon either side of the upper half of the 

 aperture. Upon scallop shells ; rather 

 rare. Hastings. 



30. Membranipora rosselii, Audouin. 

 Zocecium coffin-shaped, margin strongly 



beaded, aperture sub-triangular and occupy- 

 ing barely half the length of the zocecium ; 

 colonies forming patches upon rock and 

 shells. From moderately deep water; rather 

 rare. Hastings. 



31. Membranipora savartii, Audouin. 

 Forming considerable patches upon old 



shells of oyster, Lutraria, etc. The zocecia 



