HISTORICAL TESTIMONY. 175 



about to shows and visiting about among other 

 farmers and breeders. Naturally the one 

 drifted, as did Mr. Bates, to place an over- 

 estimate on his own cattle and an underval- 

 uation on those of others; while the other 

 maintained a more healthful mental atmos- 

 phere and juster judgment. It is sufficiently 

 evident, surely, that while the Booths inbred 

 they never ceased to recognize its dangers nor 

 to actively fight them with strong outside 

 blood until after many years, and that the 

 abandonment of the constant recourse to fresh 

 blood led to disaster. Nevertheless a single 

 example, traced for a period of years through a 

 number of generations, may make this some- 

 what clearer. 



We have seen that the direct outcross of 

 the Colling bull Pilot on the " White Cow" 

 with a single cross produced the celebrated 

 Isabella. She was bred to Young Matchem by 

 the Mason outcross Matchem, and produced 

 Isabella Matchem. Isabella Matchem was bred 

 to the bull Leonard by the Raine outcross Lord 

 Lieutenant, and produced Fitz Leonard, who 

 was the sire of the great sire Crown Prince. 

 Isabella Matchem, with her two outcrosses, 

 was also bred three times to Buckingham, son 

 of the Craddock outcross Mussulman, and pro- 

 duced the celebrated bull Vanguard, "a noble 

 bull, as all the Buckingham bulls were"; In- 



