PEDIGREE. 227 



who do not master the fundamental principles 

 and familiarize themselves with the practical 

 features of the pedigrees of the more frequently 

 encountered families the record must always 

 remain a mystery, and they will always be in 

 danger of being victimized by ignorant or de- 

 signing men. 



Let us turn our attention now to some of the 

 practical questions which meet us in regard to 

 pedigree. In the first place the most impor- 

 tant matter in regard to the pedigrees of all 

 our improved breeds of cattle is to master the 

 foundations of the most esteemed families. It 

 is not so far back in the past since all our 

 improved breeds came into great prominence 

 as pedigreed cattle but that we may readily 

 master the basal facts of their budding pop- 

 ularity and the way they became written into 

 the records of each breed. 



In accordance with what has just been said 

 in regard to the bulls being chiefly esteemed in 

 early times we find that as the breeds break 

 into daylight they are heralded by some great 

 sire or sires. Such among the Longhdrns were 

 Twopenny and D. ; and so also we find the first 

 years of the growing popularity of the Short- 

 horn Durham written chiefly in the names of 

 bulls; of the Studley Bull, of Charge's Grey 

 Bull, of James Brown's Red and White Bulls, 

 of Mr. Richard Barker's Bull, and later, as the 



