PEDIGREE. 229 



bulls the cows which they retained for their 

 special use became more and more intimately 

 connected with their reputation. Naturally 

 their affections became fixed on certain spe- 

 cially good breeders among the females, and 

 their produce, both male and female, especially 

 the latter, were retained generation by genera- 

 tion. Thus while the bulls were diffusing the 

 best blood of all the famous herds throughout 

 the country a little body of cows was coming 

 more and more to represent, not only in them- 

 selves but in their produce, the best work of 

 these great breeders. Each generation seemed 

 to have in an even greater degree the highest 

 excellences embodied in them. So the female 

 line gradually encroached upon the reputation 

 of the male, and in some cases though an ani- 

 mal might show a large and dominant per cent 

 of blood of one herd, yet he would not be es- 

 teemed as of that breeder's families unless it 

 came by the direct, lineal, female side. Thus 

 we saw that Baron Butterfly, though over 54 

 per cent Bates, was not reckoned as a Bates 

 bull, but as a Towneley; and though having 

 thirty-eight parts of Duchess in one hundred 

 and twenty-eight he was not reckoned as a 

 Duchess but as a Barmpton Kose, though hav- 

 ing only a little over 3 per cent of Barmpton 

 Rose or Towneley blood. We have an example 

 of this special increase of value in the animals 



