DR. PHILIP ON DIGESTION. 139 



because it is only in a living stomach that galvanism can have such an effect ; 

 but this effect bears too strong an analogy to other chemical results to be 

 wholly separated from them, although vrhat we call life, whatever that may be, 

 is necessary to its production. 



The same effect, and one certainly of a very complicated nature, is here 

 produced by the nervous power and a chemical agent ; because when the latter 

 is substituted for the former, the same effect takes place. It is a simple matter 

 of fact. But it is maintained by some gentlemen that the same effect may be 

 produced by a mechanical agent*. They have related several experiments 

 which appeared to them to prove, that when after a part of the eighth pair of 

 nerves is removed, and thus the due secretion of gastric juice prevented, it may 

 be restored by mechanically irritating the cut ends of the lower portions of 

 the divided nerves. If such be the fact, it must materially influence our views 

 both with respect to the function of digestion and the other secreting processes 

 of the animal body. 



In judging of the result of such experiments, several things must be taken 

 into the account which appear to have escaped the attention of those gen- 

 tlemen. 



At the time the animal is fed, in preparation for the experiment, there may 

 be some food in the stomach, from previous meals, more or less digested, and 

 there is always some gastric juice ready to act on any new food which may be 

 presented to it. It is evident therefore, that although the secretion of gastric 

 juice ceases at the moment of the excision of part of the eighth pair of nerves, 

 some digested food must be found in the stomach for some hours after the 

 operation ; for, as I have ascertained by numerous trials, many hours are re- 

 quired in such experiments for the stomach to propel into the intestine the 

 remains of food previously digested, or that digested by the gastric juice pre- 

 viously formed. 



When therefore the contents of the stomach are examined in five or six 

 hours, and generally even in ten or twelve, after the operation, more or less 

 digested food is found lying next the surface of the stomach. But when the 



* See a paper entitled, Memoire sur le mode d'action des nerfs pneumogastriques dans la pro- 

 duction des phenomenes de la digestion. Par MM. Breschet et Milne Edwards (lu a la Societe 

 Philomatique, le 19 Fevrier 1825) — (Extract des Archives generales de Medicine.) 



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