A. NORVEGICA. 61 



4. A. cooLEYAE Rydberg, 1. c. 265. — Placed next to A. parryi in the North American Flora because of its 

 small heads, glabrous herbage, and "light brown" margins to the involucral bracts. The inflorescence, too, 

 has the long, ascending branches of parryi, but this, as also the small size of the heads, may be the result of 

 a deformity. On the whole, the plant seems more like an aberrant specimen of A. norvegica saxaiilis. The 

 leaves with slender, attenuate, forward-pointing lobes are almost identical with those of some forms of saxatilis; 

 for example, Howell's plant from Yes Bay, Alaska (August 21, 1895, NY) or Elmer's plant from Washington 

 (Elmer 705, NY). The glabrous character also occurs in saxatilis of the levigata form. The distinction 

 between light brown and fuscous, as applied to the color of bract-margins, is too subtle for use as a distinguishing 

 character. The final disposal of A. cooleyae may await the assembling of copious material in perfect condition. 

 Type locaUty, above Silver Bow Basin, Juneau, Alaska. 



5. A. GLOBULARiA Chamisso, Besser, Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3:64, 1834. — A. norvegica glohularia. 



6. A. GLOMERATA Ledebour, Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 5:564, 1815. — A. norvegica glomerata. 



7. A. HETEROPHYLLA Besser, 1. c, 74, 1834. — A. norvegica heterophylla. 



8. A. HYPERBOREA Rydbcrg 1. c, 262. — A. norvegica helerophylla. The pubescence in the type specimen 

 is dense, closely appressed, and silvery, even in the inflorescence, and the bracts are conspicuously dark- 

 margined. Type locality, sand dunes at Bernard Harbor, Northwest Territory. (Illustrated in Macoun 

 and Holm, Rep. Can. Arctic Exped. 5: Plate 13, figs. 2 and 4.) 



9. A. LEVIGATA Standley, Smiths. Misc. Coll. 56": 2, 1912. — The perfectly glabrous form of A. norvegica 

 saxatilis. As already indicated under A. arctica, of this list, the amount of pubescence is exceedingly variable 

 and can not be correlated with other characters. The type of levigata came from the Smoky River, Alberta, 

 and absolutely glabrous plants are known also from the middle Sierra Nevada of California {Brewer 2129, UC). 

 The original specimen of A. arctica is a comparatively low plant (3 dm.?) with a racemose inflorescence, but 

 paniculate forms also are sometimes essentially glabrous {Walker 932, from Alaska) while the racemose forms 

 are commonly pubescent {Walker 770 and Funston 93, both from western Alaska). It is thus evident that 

 the use of such criteria would necessitate the acceptance of several more species than have as yet been proposed. 



10. A. MiNUTA Rydberg, 1. c, 261. — Provisionally placed by its author between forms here referred to 

 A. norvegica heterophylla; also keyed with A. pedatifida because of the somewhat woody stems. "Flowers 

 unknown and therefore its place in the genus uncertain." The type specimen, which came from Medicine 

 Hat, Alberta, is not identifiable. 



11. A. NORVEGICA PACIFICA Gray, Syn. FI. N. Am. P:371, 1884. — A. norvegica saxatilis. The relation of 

 this form to the original saxatilis is discussed under A. arctica, of which variety pacifica is an exact synonym. 



12. A. RiCHARDsoNiANA Besser, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 9 : 64, 1836. — Here referred to A. norvegica heterophylla, 

 although further collections and field study may furnish characters entitling it to separate rank. The only 

 distinguishing feature thus far assigned to it is the variable one of its more spreading villous pubescence. 

 Type locality, Arctic Coast of Canada. (Illustrated by Macoun and Holm, Rep. Can. Arctic Exped. 5: 

 plate 13, figs. 1 and 5, 1921.) 



13. A. sAxicOLA Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 32:128, 1905. — A. norvegica saxatilis. In raising the original 

 A. chamissoniana saxaiilis Besser to specific rank, Rydberg changed the name to saxicola because of the earlier 

 A. saxatilis Waldstein and Kitaibel, 1804. This last is generally regarded as a synonym of A. camphorala 

 Villar, a European species. 



14. A TACOMENsis Rydberg, N. Am. Fl. 34:262, 1916. — .4. norvegica heterophylla. According to Rydberg, 

 the stems are less than 1 dm. high, the basal leaves 1 to 1.5 cm. long, the herbage silvery-canescent, and the 

 involucre densely white-villous, whereas in the original heterophjUa the stems are 1 to 2 dm. high, the basal 

 leaves 3 to 6 cm. long, the herbage silky-villous, and the involucre densely villous. The type of tacomensis, 

 which came from Mount Rainier, Washington, substantiates these distinctions, but other specimens from Mount 

 Rainier (August 20, 1889, Greene, UC) which must be taken as expressions of the same form, have stems 1.2 

 to 1.6 dm. high, basal leaves 1.5 to 5 cm. long, and involucres densely lanate as originally described for hetero- 

 phylla. In view of these facts, .4. tacomensis can not be accepted as more than a form of heterophylla with 

 unusually smooth and silvery fohage. The involucral bracts of these southern plants are quite pale along the 

 margins as contrasted with the usually dark-margined bracts in forms from the far north. 



15. A. TYERELLi Rydberg, 1. c, 262. — A rare plant known only from an incomplete specimen gathered in 

 northern British Columbia. Probably best referred to A. norvegica heterophylla but robust, the stems 2 to 3 

 dm. high. The herbage is silky-canescent or silvery. 



RELATIONSHIPS. 



Artemisia norvegica is not of American origin. This is clear from a consideration of the 

 fact that all of the species on this continent to which it is most closely related possess 

 certain specialized features wanting in norvegica. This indicates either that they are 

 themselves derivatives of norvegica, or have come down from some more ancient ancestral 

 stock. The species here referred to are A. senjavinensis, A. macrobotrys, and A. parryi. 



