CONTENTS. XI 



Section B. Nutrition of Fungi and of Drosera. 80. Method. 

 81. Various cultures. 82. Puccinia. 83. Hanging-drop cultures. 

 84. Germination of spores. 85. Drosera, digestion of white of egg. 

 86. Drosera, benefit from feeding .... pp. 68 — 72. 



Section C. Functions of roots. 87. De Saussure's experiment. 

 88, 89, 89 A. Eoot pressure. 90. Moll's experiment. 91. Absorption 

 by means of dead roots . pp. 73 — 78. 



CHAPTER IV. 



TRANSPIRATION. 



Section A. Absorption of water. 92. Potometer. 93. Kohl's 

 method. 94. Effect of sunshine. 95. Effect of wind. 96. Effect 

 of light. 97 — 100. Negative pressure. 101. Permeability of mem- 

 branes. 102. Oozing of water from wood. 103. Permeability of 

 splint-wood. 104. Recovery of flaccid shoot. 105. Emulsion ex- 

 periment. 106, Injection with cocoa-butter. 107. Compression. 

 108. Incisions. 109. Cross-cuts. 110. Do,, course shown by 

 eosin. 111. Air-pump and potometer. 112. Strasburger's air- 

 pump experiment pp. 79 — 96. 



Section B. Loss of water. 113. Loss of weight during transpi- 

 ration, 114. Transpiration compared with evaporation from water. 

 115. Loss compared with absorption. 116. Spring balance. 



pp. 97— lOl. 



Section C. Stomata, bloom, lenticels. 117. Stomatal trans- 

 piration. 118, Stipa-hygrometer. 118a. Stahl's cobalt method. 

 118 b. Stomata in withered leaves, 118 c. Effect of salt on the 

 stomata, 119, Stomata and intercellular spaces, 120, Leaf injected 

 with water. 121. Frost effects, 122, Blocking of stomata with water. 

 123. Movements of stomata. 124. Do, with induced current. 

 125. Lenticels and intercellular spaces. 126. Bloom as affecting 

 transpiration pp. 102 — 111. 



CHAPTER V. 



PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. 



Section A, Imbibition, hygroscopic movements, polariscope, 

 osmosis. 127, Laminaria, microscopic observation, 128. Lami- 

 naria, increase not uniform in all directions. 129. Imbibition of seeds. 



