24 TRIANDRIA — MONOGYNIA. [Sc/icenuff. 



5. Iris. Lt7in. Iris or Flower de Luce. 



1. I. Psetid-dconis, L. (i/eltoiv ivater Iris or Corn-Jlag^ ; leaves 

 swonl-sliaped, poriimtli beardless its inner segments smaller than 

 the *;ligma. E. Bot. t. 578. — ^. citrina ; flowers smaller, seg- 

 ments of tlie perianth narrower, the inner ones more acute, stem 

 talh'r. Jiot. Mag. t. 2239. 



Watery places, wet meadows and in woods, frequent. — /5. found in 

 Ayrsliirc by Mr Jame.s Smith of Ayr. Fl. June, July. If. — Flowers 

 larjrc, deep yellow in «., much paler in /3. Root iarixe, horizontal, very 

 acrid. A piece of it held between the teeth is said to cure the tooth- 

 ach, and is otherwise used medicinally; also for giving a black dye, 

 and niiikiiiy: ink. Tiie seeds, when roasted, are recommended as a sub- 

 stitute for coii'ee. 



2. \.fcetidissima, L. [stinhiitg Iris); leaves sword -shaped, peri- 

 anth beardless its inner segments spreading about as large as the 

 stigmas, stem one-angled. E. Bot. t. 596. E. Fl. v. i. p. 49. 



Woods, thickets and pastures ; frequent in the southern and western 

 parts of England, rare in the middle and northern counties: not known, 

 in a wild slate, in Scotland. Fl. May. 1|. — Fluwersmuch smaller than 

 tlie last, dull livid purple. The leaves, when bruised, yield a ver}' dis- 

 agreeal)le smell, which some liave, however, com])ared to roast beef, 

 whence its common English name, lioast-beef plant. In Devonshire 

 it is so frequent that you can hardly avoid walking among it when her- 

 borizing, and being annoyed by the smell. 



G. CvPERUs. Linn. Cyperus or Galingale. 



1. C. loiigus, L. (^siveel Cyperus or English Galingale); spike- 

 lets linear-lanceolate erecto-patent in doubly compound umbels, 

 general involucre very long leafy, partial small, stem triangular. 

 E. Bot. t. 1309. 



Very rare. Marsh near St David's and at Walton in Gordon, So- 

 mersetshire. Near Sea-brooke, Kent. Boyton, Wilts. Guernsey and 

 Jersey. Fl. July. 1^ . — Root very aromatic and astringent. 



2. * C.fuscus, L. (broum Cyperus) ; spikelets linear-lanceolate 

 fiisciculato-corymbose, glumes patent, involucre of 3 unequal 

 leaves, stem triangular, stigmas 3. Hook, in Fl. Lond. New 

 Series, t. 85, in E. Bot. Suppl. t. 2G26. 



Meadow near Little Chelsea, where it was discovered by Jlfr Ha- 

 uorth. Fl. Se|)t. O- — A small plant, only a ii?w inches high. — Of the 

 Genus Cyperus, 2;j7 species are described in SjjrenL'el's Syst. J'egeta- 

 bilium. Most of them are tropical: they grathially diminisli iu number 

 as we recede from the tropics ; so that though 2 species liuve been 

 found iu England, none exists in Scotland. 



7. ScHCENUS. Linn. Bog-rusli. 



I. S. nigricans, L. (black Bog-rush); stem rounded, spikelets 

 collected into a rounded head sliorter than the outer bracteas. 

 E. Bot. i. 1121. 



Wet moor:, and boggy places. Rare in Scotland, except on the West 

 coast. Fl. June, July. IJ! . — Remarkable for its rigid habit, nearly se- 

 taceous leaves, and the dark brown almost black heads ofjioicers. The 



