Mi/OSOtis.] PENTANDUIA — MONOGYNIA. 91 



is found except on the Breadalbane range : extending as far as Sche- 

 cliallion. Fl. July, Aug. %. — 4 — 6 inches or even a foot high, with 

 patent leaves. Lower leaves on very long footstalks. Nothing can ex- 

 ceed the beauty of the large h\ueJlowers, which are at first so compact 

 as to be almost capitate, then lengthened into racemes. Austrian speci- 

 mens have rather a larger proportion of curved bristles on the calyx than 

 our British ones. 



5. M. si/lvdtica, Hoffm. (^upright ivood Scorpion-grass); calyx 

 with spreading uncinate bristles deeply 5-cleft when in fruit 

 ovate closed shorter than the divergent pedicels, limb of the 

 corolla flat longer than the tube, root-leaves on short dilated 

 stalks. Lehm. Asperif. p. 85. Borrer in E. Bat. t. 2630. — 

 31. scorpioides, y. Huds. — FL Brit. v. i. p. 213. 



In dry shady places ; chiefly in the North of England and lowlands 

 of Scotland : Essex and Kent, Holt, Norfolk. FL June, July, i;.— 

 Flowers very large and handsome. Various authors and cultivators 

 pronounce this plant perennial, (Fries say "percnnans," Wahlenberg 

 " subperennans,") whilst the following species is indubitably annual, 

 between which and the present individual I can point out no other dis- 

 tinctive characters more satisfactory than the somewhat more deeply- 

 divided calyx o'i M. sylvatica, its shorter and less remarkably-hooked 

 bristles, the broader and flatter corolla, and the greater size of the whole 

 plant. 



6. M. arvensis, Hoffai. (field Scorpion-grass); calyx with 

 spreading uncinate bristles i 5-cleft, when in fruit ovate closed 

 shorter than the divergent pedicels, limb of the corolla concave 

 equalling the tube. Lehm. Asperif. p. 90. Borr. in E. BoL 

 Suppl. t. 2629. — M. intermedia, Link.—M. scorpioides, a. arven- 

 sis. Fl.Brit.p. 212. 



Very common in cultivated ground, hedgebanks, groves, &c. Fl. June 

 — Aug. ©.—Although Linnteus included other plants, now regarded as 

 species, in his ideas of M. scorpioides and arvensis, and even preserved 

 as such in his herbarium a specimen of the next species, yet, as it is 

 evident from Fl. Suec. that this is what he held to be the type of the 

 var., I think it best to follow those botanists who have named it M. 

 arvensis. Fries asserts that every Swedish botanist knows it to be the 

 " ipsissimam M. arvensem, Linn." It is, moreover, the only one usually 

 found in cultivated fields. This species and M. sylvatica are inextri- 

 cably confounded in E. Fl. 



7. M. coUina, Hoffm. (early field Scorpion-grass); calyx with 

 spreading uncinate bristles, Avhen in fruit ventricose open equal- 

 ling the diverging pedicels, limb of the corolla concave shorter 

 than the tube, (raceme usually with one distant flower at the 

 base.) Borr. in E. Bot. Suppl. snbfol. 2629. — 31. arvensis, Link. 

 E. Bot. t. 2558.— il!f. arveiisis, y. Wahl. Fl. Suec. v. i. p. 120. 

 (excl. syn.) — 31. hispida, " Schlecht." 



On sandy banks, wall-tops and other very dry places. Fl. April, 

 May ; usually quite dried up by mid-summer. © — May at all times be 

 distinguished from M. versicolor at a glance, by its brilliant blue flowers, 

 which do not expand till by the uncurling of the raceme they are brought 



