Viola.] TENTANDRIA — ^lOXOGYNIA. 105 



lateral petals with a hairy central line, creeping scyons none. 

 E. Bot. t. 894. 



Woods and i)astures in England, principally in a chalky or limestone 

 soil. Rare in Scotland, and, I believe, found only in the neighbourhood 

 of Edinburgh. Fl. April, May. 1^. — Stigma an obliqne point, in this 

 and the 4 following- species. F/owers pale, rather dingy blue, scentless. 

 Nearly allied to V. odorata ; distinguished, as Mr Curtis well observed, 

 by the short not creeping scyons, by the greater hairiness of the plant, 

 and by the situation of the little bracteas of the scape ; here below, in 

 V. odorata, above the middle. " Leaves crenate, rough underneath, 

 and narrower than in V. odorata. I find a monstrosity near Gresford, 

 each petal having a spur, and each anther having a process which en- 

 ters into the S])ur ; the limb also with many dark purple streaks, and 

 the lateral petals without the usual hairy tuft." Mr Boivinan. The 

 flowers of this and the following species are often destitute of petals, 

 and yet bear fruit. 



2. V. odorata, L. [sweet VioletJ; leaves cordate and as well 

 as the petioles nearly glabrous, calyx-leaves obtuse, lateral pe- 

 tals with a hairy line, scyons creeping. E. Bot. t. 619. — /3. FL 

 white, lateral petals without the hairy line. V. siiavis, Bieb. 



Woods, banks and pastures ; frequent in England, very rare in Scot- 

 land. Near Slateford and Collinton woods, Edinburgh. Wood near 

 the Castle Rock, Stirling. Hedges between Killiney hill and Bray, 

 Ireland. — /3. Shropshire. Mr Leig/ttoii. FL March, April. 1(! . — F/owers- 

 deep purple, fragrant, often white ; in many parts of Devonshire, in the 

 stift' red soil about Torquay especially, 1 have seen them very commonly 

 of a lilac colour. Bracteas inserted above the middle of the scape. Mr 

 W. Wilson observes that the hairs of the scapes and leaf-stalks are de- 

 flexed, which is not the case with V. Jiirta. 



3. Y.paluslris, L. (^marsh Violet); leaves cordate or kidney- 

 shaped quite glabrous veiny beneath, spur very short, lateral 

 petals scarcely hairy, scyons none. E. Bot. t. 444. 



Bogs and marshy grounds, less frequent in the south ; abundant in 

 the mountains of Scotland, and at a very considerable elevation. Fl. 

 April — June, and even in July in the colder regions. 1/ . — Flowers very 

 pale blue, with purple streaks. The petals are slightly hairy on one 

 side at the base, as Mr W. Wilson well observes ; the lateral ones have- 

 not a distinct line of hairs. 



** Furnished with an evident stem. 



4. V. canina, L. {Dog Violet); stem at length ascending chan- 

 nelled, leaves cordate acute, leaflets of the calyx acuminate, 

 stipules long ciliato-dentate, bracteas subulate entire. E. Bot.. 

 ^.020. — ^. minor. V.fiavicornis, Sm. E. Fl.v.'i. p.20^. Forst.. 

 in E. Bot. Suppl. t. 2736. 



Woods, banks and dry pastures, frequent ; and in clefts of rocks upon 

 the mountains at a considerable elevation. FL April — Aug. If.. — Vari- 

 able in regard to size ; but, as it appears to me, very constant to the 

 above characters. In mountainous situations, the blossoms are often 

 numerous and large in proportion to the size of the plant. Flowers 

 scentless, blue, purple or sometimes almost white. On the sandy Denes 

 at Yarmouth, and other dry and barren places, this plant is very small 

 ia all its parts, and becomes the V.Jlavicornis. 



