128 PENTANDRIA— TRIGYNIA. [Sambucus. 



]y downy beneatli, biaiichos not corky cinerous smooth, fruit 

 rlionihoid-ohlong scarcely cloven naked. Liiiiil. Si/n. p. 227. 

 ii. IJot. t. 1887. E. Fl. V. W.p. 21,— U. campestHs, WUld. 



Woods and hedges, frequent. Abuiulaiit iti Scotland and certainly 

 wild. Fl. March, Apr. T2 .—Distinguished at first sight by its large 

 s[>roading branches and broad leaves, appearing just as the " hopdike 

 fruit" comes to perfection. A variety is called the ivccpiiuj Elm. Tlie 

 wood is of inferior quuHty. Of this species Ur Lindley says ihat tlie 

 Giant Elm and Chichester Elm are varieties. lie observes, too, that 

 it is often confounded by foreign Botanists with U. pedunculala, a very 

 different species, not found in England, and closely related to U. rubra 

 of N. America. 



PENTANDRIA— TRIGYNIA. 



91. ViBUKXuiM. Linn. Guelder-rose. 



1. V. Lantdna, L. (7iiea/t/ Guelder-rose or Wayfaring -tree); 

 leaves elliptic serrated veined downy beneath. E. But. t. 331. 



Woods and hedges, especially in a chalky or limestone soil. Dun- 

 glass glen, Scotland. El. June. T?.— A large shrub, much branched, 

 with the young shoots very downy. Flowers in large dense cymes, 

 wliite. Cal.-teeth very minute. Berry purplish-black. — The young 

 shoots are much esteemed in the Crimea for the tubes of tobacco pipef. 



f 



2. V. Opuliis, L. (common Guelder-rose or Water -Eldtr) ; 

 leaves glabrous three-lobed acuminate and serrate, petioles with 

 glands. E. Bot. t. 332. 



Woods and coppices, not unfreqiient in England, and Scotland. Fl. 

 June, July. Tj . — A small tree, very glabrous. Leaves large, subcordate. 

 broad. Cymes large, with wliite [flowers ; the perfect oiies small and 

 resembling the last ; abortive ones in the circumference, consisting- of a 

 very large, plane, b-\oheA petal, without either stamen or pistil. Flow- 

 ers erect. Berries reddish-purple, drooping. 



92. Sambucus. Limi. Elder. 



r 



1. S. Ebulus, L. {du-arf Elder or Dane-wort') ; cymes with 

 3 principal branches, leaflets lanceolate, stipules foliaceous, stem 

 herbaceous. E. Bot. t. 475. 



Way-sides and in waste places, not uncommon in England and Scot- 

 land and Ireland. Fl. July. 11 —Stem 2—3 feet high, angular and 

 furrowed. Leaves pinnate; leaflets serrated. 6>?He/ Iarire,"termiiia!, 

 purplish. Anthers large, purple. Berries spherical, black.— The 

 plant has a fetid smell and is violently purgative. 



2. S. 7nf/rn, L. (common Elder); cymes with 5 principal 

 branches, leaflets ovate, stem arboreous. E. Bot. t. 476. — ,5. 

 loaves laciniated. 



Woods, coppices, &c., frequent — /3. Near Avr. Fl. June. T^ .— A 

 small tree, having the slcms and branches full of pith. Leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets serrated. Cymes terminal, large, cream-coloured, smelling un- 

 pleasantly. Anthers small, yellow. Berries purple-black, sometimes 

 white. — Tlie bark and flowers are used by country practitioners medici- 

 nally, and the fruit is employed for making wincsand preserves. 





