160 OCTANDRIA — MONOGYNIA. [Vaccinium. 



5. Calluna. Salisb. Ling. 



1. C. vidgdris, Salisb. (common Lijig.^ Erica, L — E. Sot. t. 

 1013. 



Heatlis and moors, common ; sometimes with wliite fl. Fl. June — 

 Aug. Tj . — A low, much branching', tufted shrub. Leaves small, oppo- 

 site, with two small decurrent s))urs at tiie base, more or less pubescent, 

 and even hairy in /3. of Sm. (the E. ciliarls, Iluds., not Linn.), closely- 

 imbricated in 4 rows. Flowers small, reddish, drooping, nearly sessile, 

 ovate ; — a most beautiful double var. is found wild near Carclew, Corn- 

 wall, by Mr Booth. It varies much in the colour of its flowers and 

 degree of pubescence of the leaves. 



This jjlant is much employed for brooms and for fuel. It makes an 

 excellent edging to garden-plots, and bears clipping as well as Box. 



6. Vacciniuhi. Linn. Whortleberry. 

 * Leaves deciduous. Anthers with 2 dorsal awns. 



1. V. Myrtillus, L. (Bilberri/ or Whortleberrij) ; peduncles 

 l-flo\vered, leaves ovate serrate decidiioixs, stem angular, stamens 

 8—10. E. Bot. t. 456. 



Woods and heathy places, chiefly in mountainous or alpine districts, 

 abundant. Fl. May. Tj . — A small shrub, about I foot high. Floivers 

 drooping, urceolate, almost waxy, greenish with a red tinge. Anthers 

 tubular, each cell opening by a pore at the extremity, and having a horn 

 at the back. Berries black, glaucous, very agreeable to the taste, and 

 much eaten in the Highlands of Scotland. 



2. V. idiginosum, L. (great Bilberry or bog Wortleberry) ; 

 peduncles 1 -flowered, leaves obovate entire veined deciduous, 

 stems rounded. E. Bot. t. 381. 



In mountain-bogs, Cumberland and Westmoreland; more frequent in 

 the Highlands of Scotland, ascending even nearly to the summits of the 

 mountains. Fl. May. T^ . — heaves glaucous, especially beneath. Cor. 

 ovate, flesh-coloured, smaller than in the last ; anthers similar. Berries 

 agreeable, but inferior in flavour to those of V. Myrtillus. — The leaves 

 arc added to Lycopodium alpiniun by the Icelanders, in order to pro- 

 duce a yellow dye, for colouring woollens. 



** Leaves persistent, evergreen. Anthers awnless at the back. 



3. V. Vitis Idcea, L. (red Whortleberry, Cow-berry); racemes 

 terminal drooping, flowers campanulate, leaves evergreen obo- 

 vate dotted beneath, their margins slightly revolute nearly en- 

 tire. E. Bot. t. 398. 



Dry places on heaths, mountains and in woods, in the north of Eng- 

 land, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. Fl. May, June. Tj . — A low, some- 

 what straggling shrub, with leaves resembling those of the Box. Floivers 

 pale flesh-coloured, open at the mouth, and with deeper and more spread- 

 ing segments than the two preceding species. 



4. V. Oxycoccos, L. (marsh Whortleberry, Cranberry); pedun- 

 cles terminal single-flowered, leaves ovate eversrreen g-Iaucous 



111.. o o 



beneath, their margins revolute and entire, cor. 4-partite revo- 

 lute, stem filiform. E. Bot. t. 319. — Oxycoccos palustris, Rich. 



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