296 SYNGENESIA — iECJUALIS. [Cardttus. 



fruit angular, stem panicled, peduncles slender, leaves ovate 

 or cordate petiolate angulato-dentate. £". Bot. t. 844. 



Waste and cultivated ground, common, Fl. July, Aug. . — Stems 

 2—4 feet higli. Leaves soft and thin, slightly hairy ; the radical ones 

 more or less iyrate. Flowers small, yellow. 



2. L. ptisilla, Willd. (dwarf Nipple-wort); scape branched 

 very thick and fistulose upwards, leaves obovato-oblong toothed. 

 Hook, in Fl. Land. N. S. t. 65.— L. minima, DC.—Byoseris, 

 L.—E. Bot. t. 95. 



Corn-fields, in gravelly soils. Fl. June, July. Q.— Scapes 6—8 

 inches high, more or less branched, remarkable for their clavate and 

 fistulose extremities. Flowers small, yellow. 



14. CiCHORi'uM. Lijin. Succory. 

 1. C. Intyhus, L. {tvild Succory); flowers sessile axillary in 

 pairs, leaves runcinate. E. Bot. t. 339. 



Borders of fields and waste places ; chiefly in a light, gravelly or 

 chalky soil. Fl. July, Aug. y..—Stem 1—3 ft. high, erect, branched. 

 Flowers numerous, large, bright but pale blue.— The Endive or Suc- 

 cory of the gardens is C. Endivia, supposed to be a native of India. 

 The specific name of both is derived from the Arabic Hendibeh. 



15. Arctium. Li7in, Burdock. 



1. A. Lappa, L. {cotnmon Burdock); leaves cordate stalked. 

 — a. involucre glabrous. A. Lappa, E. Bot. t. 38. — /3. involucre 

 with a cobweb-like down. A. Bardana, Willd. — E. Bot. t. 2478. 



Waste places and way-sides, common. Fl. July, Aug. $ . — Three 

 feet or more high. Radical leaves very large and often slightly toothed. 

 Involucre with hooked scales, which fasten themselves most pertina- 

 ciously to clothes and the coats of animals. These scales are sometimes 

 glabrous, and occasionally have a more or less abundant cottony sub- 

 stance interwoven with them ; whence two species have been established 

 by some authors. Flowers purple. 



16. Serratula. Linn. Saw-wort. 

 1. S. tincioria, L. {common Saw-wort); leaves entire pinnati- 

 tid finely serrated, outer scales of the involucre ovate appressed, 

 inner ones linear coloured. E. Bot. t. 38. 



Thickets and pastures, less frequent in Scotland. Fl. Aug. If. — 

 2—3 ft. high, branched, stift'. Flowers purple.— It dyes cloth yellow. 



^ 17. Saussurea. De Cand. Saussurea. 



1. S. alpina, DC. {alpine Saussurea); leaves toothed cottony 

 beneath lanceolate, those of the root ovato-lanceolate stalked, 

 flowers in a clustered umbel. E. Bot. t. 599. 



Moist alpine rocks. Snowdon. Frequent on the Highland moun- 

 tains of Scotland. Fl. Aug. lf..—Ste)n 8—12 inches high, erect, sim- 

 pie, woolly. Leaves few upon the stem. Flowers rather large, purple. 



18. Carduus. Litin. Thistle. 

 * Leaves decurrent. 

 1. C. nutans, L. {Musk Thistle); leaves decurrent spinous. 



% 



n 



