376 DIOECIA OCTANDRM. [PopuluS. 



and the leaves have a bitter taste, hence they are sometimes em])loyed 

 instead of hops. In Isla and Jura the inhabitants scent their clothes 

 with them, and, in many parts of Scotland, beds are made of the twigs. 



DIOECIA— PENTANDRI A. 



7. Hu3iULUS. Linn. Hop. 



1. H. *Liipitlus, L. (common Hop). E. Bot. t. 427. 



Thickets and hedges in various places. Fl. July. If Stems long, 



weak and climbing, scabrous. Leaves petiolate, opjiosite, 3 — 5-lobed, 

 serrated, veiny, rough. Flowers greenish-yellow. The fragrant bitter, 

 so valuable in the manufacture of Beer, resides in the catkins, or cones 

 of the hop, as they are often called. 



DIOECIA— HEXANDRIA. 



8. Tamus. Linn. Black Bryony. 



1. T. communis, L. (common Slack Bryony); leaves undivided 

 cordate acute. E. Bot. ^.91. 



Hedges and thickets, England. Fl. June. %. — Root very large, acrid, 

 black externally, fleshy. Stems long, twining and reaching among trees 

 and bushes, to a great extent. Flowers greenish-white. Berry red. 



DIOECIA— OCTANDRI A. 



9. PoPULus. Linn. Poplar. 



1. P. alba, L. (great ivhite Poplar or Abele); leaves roundish - 

 cordate lobed toothed glabrous above downy and very white 

 beneath, fertile catkins ovate, stigmas 4. E. Bot. t. 1G18. 



Moist and mountain woods. " A few stunted plants of P. alba com- 

 pose all the trees of the Island of Lewes." JSP CuUocli. FL Apr. Tj . — 

 A large tiee, with smooth bark and spreading branches ; of very rapid 

 growth. The tvood is white and soft and only used for coarse work. 



2. P. canescens, Sm. (grey Poplar); leaves roundish deeply 

 waved toothed hoary and downy beneath, fertile catkins cylin- 

 drical, stigmas 8. E. Bot. t. 1619. 



Wet turfy meadows and dry heaths: frequent in Norfolk; (Sm^ Fl. 

 March. T? . — Tree tall and handsome ; of slower growth than the pre- 

 ceding, and producing better wood. 



3. P. tremula, L. (Aspen) ; leaves nearly orbicular broadly 

 toothed glabrous on both sides, stalks compressed, " stigmas 4 

 erect auricled at the base." E. Bot. t. 1909. 



Moist woods; frequent in Scotland, and even at an elevation of 1500 

 feet above the level of the sea, on Ben More, in Mull ; Mr Trevelyan. 

 Fl. March, Apr. T? . — This tree is well known by the tremulous move- 

 ment of its leaves with the slightest breath of wind. The motion is aided 

 by the compression of the stalk. The bark is said to be a favourite food 

 of the beavers ; and the ivood serves for pack-saddles, milk-jiails, &c. 

 Lightfoot tells us that the Highlanders entertain a superstitious notion 

 that our Saviour's cross was made of this tree, for which reason they 

 suppose that its leaves can never rest. 



i 



^ 



