DICOTYLEDONES — CALYCIFLORJE. 409 



many as cells. Stigmas simple. Fruit fleshy or dry, of seve- 

 ral ]• seeded cells. Seed solitary, pendulous. Albumen fleshy, 

 with a minute embryo, — Trees, Shrubs, or Herbs, nearly allied 

 to Umbelliferaj. — Panax affords the Ginseng. — 1. Adoxa, p. 

 157. 2. Hedera, p. 78. 



Ord. XL. CORNER. Sepals A, vcioxq or less united and 

 adnate with the ovary. Petals 4, broad at the base, inserted at 

 the top of the calyx. Stamens 4, inserted with the petals. Style 

 filiform. Stigma simple. Drupe with a 2-celled nucleus. Seeds 

 pendulous, solitary. Albume7i ^e%\\y . — Trees or Shrubs, rarely 



Herbs. Leaves (except in 07ie species) opposite. Bark tonic 



CORNUS, jO. 56. 



B. MONOPETALOUS. 



Ord. XLI. LORANTHEiE. Stamens and pistils often se- 

 parated. Calyx-tube adnate with the ovary, bracteated at the 

 base ; its li)iib entire or lobed. Corolla uionopetalous, or of 4 — 8 

 petals with a valvate festivation. Stamens as many as petals 

 and opposite to them. Ovary l-celled. Style 1 or none. Stigma 

 simple. Fruit succulent. Seed solitary, pendulous. Albutnen 

 fleshy. — Parasitical, mostly tropical Slirubs. Leaves entire, gen- 

 erally opposite, thick and Jieshy, without stipules. — Viscum album 

 is the Misseltoe, from the berries and the bark of which bird- 

 lime is made. The seed sometimes contains 2 and even 3 Em- 

 bryos. — 1. ViscuM, p. 56. 



Ord. XLIL CAPRIFOLIACE^. Ca/y^-^w^'e adnate with 

 the ovary, usually bracteated at the base. Corolla regular or 

 irregular. Stamens 4 — 5, alternate with the lobes of the corol- 

 la. Stigmas 1 — 3. Fruit generally a berry, 1- or many-celled, 1- 

 or many-seeded, crowned with the persistent lobes of the calyx. 

 Albumen fleshy. — Shrubs or Herbs, with opposite leaves ; no sti- 

 pides. — Bark astringent ; the flowers of Sambucus are purga- 

 tive. — L Sambucus, 7^. 85. 2. ViBURNuar, />. 85. 3. Lonicera, 

 p. 77. 4. LinNjEA, p. 226. 



Ord. XLllL RUBIACE^. A most important Natural 

 Family, of which those individuals having woody, or shrubby, 

 rarely herbaceous stems and opposite and stipulated leaves, af- 

 ford Peruviaji Bark, in the various species of Cinchona ; Gam- 

 beer, in Nauclea ; a febrifuge, in Condaminea and Rondeletia ; 

 powerful emetics, in Psychotria and Cephaelis, especially C. Ipe- 

 cacuanha, which is the tnie or Brazilian Ipecacuanha, in Sperma- 

 coce and Richardsonia. These, together with Coffea, the Coffee- 

 tree, 8cc. are confined to hot or warm climates ; whereas we, in our 

 country, possess oidy that group with slender, herbaceous, square 

 stems and wlwrled leaves, yielding a dye in their roots and called 

 Stellatce by Linneeus and Lindley ; thus characterized, — Calyx 



