CHAPTER XIX 



THE SH^DS, THE EELS, AND THE LAMTRETS 



The Herring Family — The Allis Shad — The Tvvait Shad — The Eel Family 

 — The Eel — The Grig, Glut, or Broad- nosed Eel — Sucker-mouthed 

 Fishes — The Lampreys — The Lamprey — The Lampern — The Pride. 



Tivcfity-second Family: CLUPEID^: THE HERRING FAMILY 



The herrings are essentially fishes of the coast, none being 

 found in the deep sea, and some of the species run into 

 fresh water to deposit their spawn. It is an ancient race, 

 fossil remains of genera nearly allied to existing ones being 

 found in the chalk and more recent formations. 



Genus CLUPEA 



In this genus the body is compressed laterally, and the 

 abdomen is serrated. The scales are generally large or 

 moderate in size. Two species enter British rivers to spawn. 



The Allis Shad {Clupea alosa) 



Teeth. 

 Rudimentary or deciduous, 

 on the upper jaw only. 



Fins. 

 Dorsal: 19 to 21 rays. 

 Pectoral : 15 or 16 rays. 

 Ventral : 9 rays. 

 Anal : 20 to 24 rays. 

 Caudal : 19 rays. 



Etymologically the names "shad" and "skate" appear to be 



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