FARM BUILDINGS. ^SS" 



in. This operation is continued till the temperature sinks to 

 25°; (= either 77° or 88° Fahr. — Tr.) when the malt is 

 converted into a porridge or thin dough ; it is then covered 

 over and allowed to remain half an hour. At the end of 

 this time boiling water is poured upon the dough, which is 

 carefully stirred till the heat falls to 50°, {= 122° or 144° 

 Fahr.) The vat is now covered again and kept for three or 

 four hours, after which the covering is removed and the con- 

 tents .stirred till the heat descends to 20°, ( = 68° or 77° 

 Fahr.) when the specific gravity of the liquor should equal 

 7° or 8° of the hydrometer. 



In this state a quantity of beer or flour yeast, proportion- 

 ed to that of the grain employed, is mixed with warm water 

 and turned into the vat, the stirring being still continued. 

 The temperature of the place in which fermentation is car- 

 ried on should be from 63° to 77° Fahr. Fermentation will 

 be perceived in two hours after the addition of the leaven, 

 and, if the first operations have been well conducted, it will 

 be terminated in two or three days, when the vat must be 

 covered over and the liquor left to settle and become clear : 

 in two days' time it may be put into a cask, and afterwards 

 treated like wine. 



This liquor is very wholesome ; its color is that of opal, 

 and its taste slightly acid. It can be improved by having 

 the mash of grapes, especially those of the white kinds, fer- 

 mented in the vat with the grain. 



CHAPTER XVIII, 



OP FARM BUILDINGS, BOTH FOR MEN AND ANIMALS, AND THE 

 MEANS OF MAKING THEM HEALTHY. 



The situation of the first habitations is determined by 

 the vicinity of a river, the proximity of a fountain, or the 

 fertility of a spot of ground. The industry of the inhab- 

 itants of these dwellings, and the abundant supply of pro- 

 visions produced by them, gradually increase their num- 

 bers around the same point, and the population soon 

 becomes divided into two classes, of which one is de- 

 voted exclusively to the cultivation of the earth, and the 



