IMPLEMENTS AND HOW TO USE THEM 29 



the plough over to the left hand, so that the little wheel 

 runs on the ground, and drive the horses straight. 



It will be understood that the horses should be driven 

 so that the sticks or guiding rods can be clearly seen by 

 the ploughman, the sticks being kept at an equal dis- 

 tance between the two horses which are yoked abreast. 



In marking out the first furrow of the " crown 

 piece," proceed exactly in the same manner as when 

 marking out the headlands, using the guide sticks also. 



Having reached the top of the field, the horses are 

 turned to the right hand, and the second furrow thrown 

 against the first. In making this second furrow a little 

 adjustment of the hake may be necessary. 



Some ploughmen prefer, when ploughing the second 

 or * 'turn-back furrow," as it is called, to have the right- 

 hand horse walking in the furrow just made. Under 

 such conditions the hake should be shifted over to the 

 furrow' side of the plough, otherwise the plough will 

 turn the first furrow back again into its old place. If, 

 however, the right-hand horse walks to the left and 

 just against the first furrow slice, the plough will be 

 found to run steadier and probably without any 

 further adjustment of the draught. 



It may be here explained that by shifting the draught 

 hake to the left of the ploughed ground the plough will 

 run more to the right, and vice versa. Thus, if the 

 second furrow does not quite touch the first, the hake 

 should be moved slightly to the left, and if the second 

 furrow overlaps the first, then the hake should be 

 moved a little to the right. 



Once the first two furrows, or crown piece, are made 

 it is plain sailing. The big wheel then runs in the 

 furrow so as just to touch the side of it, and may be 

 either moved in or out according to the width of 

 furrow desired. The little wheel runs on the un- 

 ploughed land and may also be raised or lowered. 



