Building and Grounds 263 



Orange, and Cherokee Rose, and ornamental gateways gave 

 access to the grounds from the adjoining streets. 



The original planting was soon replaced, however, by a 

 more elaborate system, designed by Andrew J. Downing, 

 who was invited by President Fillmore to lay out the entire 

 Mall, from the Capitol to the river. This plan is the one 

 still in use, although the untimely death of its designer inter- 

 fered with its proper execution, since many trees planted for 

 temporary purposes were allowed to remain, and to injure 

 or destroy more hardy species, intended to be permanent in 

 the final effect. The conception was, however, one of the 

 most successful of all ever carried out by Mr. Downing, and 

 has done much to perpetuate his fame as the earliest and one 

 of the greatest of American landscape gardeners. His mem- 

 ory is honored by a monument in the form of a marble vase 1 

 which stands in these grounds northeast of the Smithsonian 

 building. It is about 200 feet east of the Smithsonian Insti- 

 tution and about 640 feet north. 



A bronze statue of Professor Henry, by William W. Story, 

 was ordered by provision of Congress enacted in 1880, and 

 was erected in the Smithsonian grounds about one hundred 

 and fifty feet to the northwest of the building. The statue 

 was unveiled on April 19, 1883, at the time of the annual 

 meeting of the National Academy of Sciences, on which oc- 

 casion a brief address by Chief Justice Waite was delivered, 

 in which he said, "The statue which will now be unveiled has 



1 The design for this memorial was made On the base of the pedestal are the follow- 



by Calvert Vaux, who for many years was ing words : 

 Mr. Downing's associate in business. Its "THIS MFMOUIAT 



execution was by Robert Launitz, a well- -,-,, 



Was erected under a resolution passed at 

 known sculptor. On the front side of the p, .. , , , . 



monument is the following inscription : in gept ^ ^ ^ ^ 



" This vase American Pomological Society, 



Was erected by his Friends o f w h ich Mr. Downing was one of the 



IN MEMORY OF Original founders." 



Andrew Jackson Downing, 

 Who died July 28, 1852, aged 37 years." 



