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enter here into the dispute between Rudbeck and Bartholinus on 

 this matter. The quaint way in which Bartholinus gravely writes on 

 the obsequies of the liver shows that he appreciated fully how 

 recent discoveries had dethroned this organ from its high estate in 

 the hierarchy of Galenic doctrine ; indeed, he gaily writes its epitaph. 

 Still this mighty organ retains a mass of undiscovered secrets ; and, 

 indeed, it was only in the middle of last century that Bernard 

 elicited by experiment its profound influence in carbohydrate 

 metabolism. 



Be it noted that Aselli's work appeared in 1622, Harvey's in 1628, 

 and that of Pecquet in 1651. Pecquet's observations were accepted 

 at once, and now the whole anatomical structure was discovered for 

 obtaining a proper view of the relation of the digestive system to the 

 vascular system so far as regards the channels by which the products 

 of digestion might reach the blood. 



Pecquet of Dieppe, and Schlegel of Hamburg, and Joh. Walseus, 

 were ardent supporters of the doctrine of Harvey. Pecquet shows 

 how he had caught up the spirit of Harvey's work and had recourse 

 to experiment to test the truth or otherwise of his views. 



"Having exposed the artery and accompanying vein in the leg of a dog, and 

 punctured the vein, blood, of course, immediately followed ; but tightening the ligature 

 that had been passed round the artery, lo ! the stream from the vein ceased forthwith. 



Slackening the ligature, however, again it burst forth as before Now if the 



blood flows outwards only by the arteries, did we tie the vessel which supplies a 

 limb about to be amputated, the operation might be performed without loss of blood. 

 No sooner imagined than put to the proof. I tied the crural artery of the dog, avoiding 

 the vein, and amputating the member a little beyond the ligature. Only a few drops of 

 blood escaped from the divided veins, but there was no haemorrhage." 



The influence of Bartholinus was great in Copenhagen. To him 

 Stensen addressed his letters announcing his discovery of the duct of 

 the parotid gland, and his dispute with Blasius, a former pupil of 

 Bartholinus. Bartholinus began with the study of theology, and 

 for nine years lived at other Universities. He graduated at Basel 

 in 1645 under Bauhin, and in 1648 became Professor in Copenhagen, 

 S. Paulli being induced for a consideration to resign his Chair to give 

 place to the younger Bartholinus. 



Among his pupils was JOH. WALSEUS (b. 1604), Professor in 

 Leyden, 1633, who wrote two epistles On the Motion of the Chyle 

 and Blood, to T. B., son of Caspar B. They show how he had 

 grasped the importance of Harvey's doctrine, and he gives the 

 following experiment, entitled Dissection of a Vein in Living 

 Creatures, in support thereof. The woodcut explains itself. 

 When the femoral vein is constricted by the thread passed round 

 it the blood flows out, not in guttce or drops, but as a rivulm 

 sawjuinis qui, inferiori fence parle rulnerata, conthnio exilil. 



