ENEMIES 21 



varieties of more delicate membrane are susceptible to it, where 

 those of a harder and more robust nature are not. There is no 

 known cure. 



Rust (Uromyces caryophyllinus). This is entirely due to adverse 

 atmospheric conditions, and these are often aggravated by the plants 

 themselves being too crowded, so that they are 

 unable to benefit by the free circulation of air 

 between and about them. An equable temperature 

 is also essential, and this, combined with an ever- 

 moving atmosphere, will prevent and sometimes 

 cure it ; but for this we commend our own practice 

 of cutting off affected leaves and at once putting 

 them on the fire. As a preventive in bad weather 

 we blow a thin cloud of flowers of sulphur and 

 slaked lime through the rows of plants at the pot 

 level, and leave it to diffuse itself and finally settle 

 wheresoe'er it will. By the aid of a glass we can 

 detect it as a thin film covering all the foliage within 

 an hour. 



Spot (Septoria dianthi) and Fairy-ring Spot (Het- 

 erosporum echinulatum) are very similar diseases, both 

 encouraged by warm, close conditions, and both 

 capable of disseminating themselves rapidly by float- 

 ing spores. Prevent their appearance if you possibly 

 can by means of the sulphur and lime as recom- 

 mended for the rust, and should it appear after this, 

 then remove any affected leaf and burn it. Do not 

 afford it an opportunity for spreading itself, and if 



it is attended to in good time it is easily stamped Fic ?" 8 -~ Car - 



T . ,, r . , , nation. Fairy - 



out. It is well for carnation growers that these r jng- Leaf Spot 



diseases have been thoroughly investigated, are well 

 understood, and, because of that, easily defeated. No man need 

 look upon them now as in any way a bar to successful carnation 

 growing, always supposing that the charge hands are fully alive 

 to their duties. 



We have recently been looking into the particulars of another 

 disease (Bacterium dianthi), the presence of which is indicated by 

 yellow spots on the foliage. These can be traced to the ravages 



