18 CHOICE OF TREES. 



it up, and more particularly so if it has been 

 trained for a few years. This is frequently 

 very much neglected by those who have this 

 part of the business entrusted to them, the 

 roots are so often cut and mangled by the 

 spade and other means, such as pulling up 

 the tree, &c. that by it, trees which in every 

 other respect were likely to do well have been 

 ruined. Let the tree be taken up with as 

 great a portion of the roots as possible, there- 

 fore take the soil away round the tree so wide 

 and deep, that it may be loosened under- 

 neath, so that the roots may not be broken 

 by any violence in raising the tree up, or 

 mangled by digging amongst them. Never 

 let either spade or fork be put into the earth 

 near to the bole of the tree, as the main roots 

 are very liable to be damaged thereby, and 

 when one or more of such roots are split and 

 not cut away, or some other means employ- 

 ed to remedy the injury sustained, the tree 

 j is generally diseased afterwards ; therefore 

 great care should be taken not to occasion 

 such injury. 



Whenever, (notwithstanding all due cau- 

 tion,) any roots have been accidentally bro- 

 ken, split, or otherwise damaged in taking 

 up the tree, let them be cut off; or if they 

 cannot be very well spared, let the damaged 

 or bruised part be pared clean with a sharp 

 knife, and an application of the following 

 composition be spread over the wound in or- 



