32 PLANTING. 



they would have done had they been pro- 

 perly planted. Neither will they have made 

 such progress, or have been so fruitful, nor 

 the fruit of so good a flavour; but by being 

 planted at the depth directed, the trees will 

 derive every advantage from sun, air, and 

 rain. 



Great care will be required in digging the 

 border for the cultivation of any esculent or 

 vegetable that the roots are not damaged, for 

 when they are, considerable injury is done 

 to the tree, which will frequently evidence 

 itself afterwards in the upper part of it by 

 canker, &c. ; also by the production of suckers 

 from the roots, which generally are caused by 

 wounds inflicted by the spade in digging the 

 borders, for the sap frequently forms a cal- 

 losity at the wound, and the production of 

 suckers is the consequence. 



Let the hole be made its proper extent, 

 x and about nine inches depth of soil be thrown 

 out; upon the soil inside the hole, spread 

 about three inches thick of well rotted cow 

 dung, this must be well incorporated with 

 soil so as to raise it to within about two 

 inches of the leA^el of the border, taking care 

 that the surface of the soil inside the hole 

 has the same inclination with the border. 



The root of the tree having been previ- 

 I ously pruned and prepared as directed, let it 

 ( be placed upon the soil so levelled, the budded 

 or grafted part to face the border, and the 



