46 TRAINING. 



by frost or any other injurious cause, a 

 greater quantity of young shoots must be 

 retained in every part of the tree during 

 that year, and such overplus of wood be 

 pruned away at the winter pruning of the 

 trees. If a tree thus deprived of its fruit be 

 not very strong, only the regular portion of 

 young wood must be allowed to remain upon 

 it. 



When a shoot or branch is injured by 

 blight, and there is reason to fear it cannot 

 be recovered, let it be immediately taken 

 away, as the effects of blight will without 

 this caution very frequently spread to other 

 parts of the tree. The taking away of the 

 branch makes room for a supply of young 

 wood, which will be stronger by an early 

 removal of the damaged part. 



For espalier trees no method of training 

 whatever is equal to the horizontal, the small 

 compass in which the trees are obliged to be 

 kept requires such a direction for the branches, 

 in order to make them fructiferous. And 

 were very high trellisses formed, so as to 

 admit of the trees being trained in the fan 

 method, such would be very objectionable 

 by reason of the shade they would cause, 

 and the trees would also be deprived of the 

 benefit of a warmer temperature, which 

 those less elevated receive, by the effects of 

 which fruitfulness is considerably promoted. 

 Attention to this latter circumstance is par- 



