APPLE TREE, 141 



this may be effected either by heading down 

 the tree entirely, and afterwards training 

 up a single shoot and proceeding as with a 

 young tree; or, by training in new shoots in 

 succession from the bole of the tree, or from 

 the branches. This latter method is pre- 

 ferred by many persons, as the tree is/ 

 thereby kept fruitful every year, whereas 

 in the first method there is a loss of fruit for 

 two or three seasons. 



In pursuing the latter plan, the following 

 particulars must be attended to. Four years 

 previous to the time it is designed that the 

 old branches shall be cut away, let shoots be 

 trained in from the bole of the tree if pos- 

 sible, otherwise from the branches. Such as 

 are well situated at the side of a branch, 

 and as near to the bole as can be had, must 

 be chosen. In four years, the first part of 

 the new branch will generally be well sup- 

 plied with good fruitful spurs and buds, the 

 old branches must then be cut away close to 

 the bole of the tree, or to the origin of the 

 new branch. See Fig, 10. a, a, old branches, 



Fig. 10. 



