142 TREATMENT, &C. 



b, new one from the bole, c, from the branch, 

 d, where pruned to. 



The former of these two methods described 

 is that which I prefer, as the trees bear finer 

 fruit and are equally fruitful. When the 

 new head is forming, great attention must 

 be paid to the training of vigorous branches 

 in a pendulous manner, which brings them 

 to a fruitful condition, when they may be 

 trained horizontally afterwards. 



Apples trained as Espaliers. 



The proper soil and method of planting 

 the tree, c. is treated upon in the respective 

 Chapters upon each. The branches should 

 be trained at nine inches apart, and the plan 

 of forming the head of the tree must be pur- 

 sued, that is laid down for wall trees. The 

 method of pruning the spurs on wall trees 

 must also be practised, with this exception, 

 that when a spur has five fruitful buds upon 

 it the winter before it is to be cut down, they 

 may all be permitted to remain. Whereas 

 in wall trees only four are left, but Espaliers 

 will admit of the full number having a more 

 free circulation of air than wall trees. 



