216 TREATMENT OP THE 



summer pruning, and to two in winter pru- 

 ning, also upon short lateral spurs, as Fig. 4. 

 d, d. When there is a sufficient supply of 

 such lateral spurs, all the shoots which have 

 been produced and shortened as before de- 

 scribed, may be cut clean away at winter 

 pruning, with the exception of a leading one, 

 as Fig. 4. e, and one that may proceed from 

 very near the origin of the spur, when in 

 those cases they must be pruned as direct- 

 ed before. After those spurs have borne 

 fruit three years, let each be cut down to 

 the lowest bud or to an embryo, for a new 

 succession. If at any time there be a want 

 of blooming buds, and the shoots which are 

 shortened do not form any near to their ori- 

 gin, a sufficiency of such shoots must be 

 nailed to the wall, and be trained in hori- 

 zontally or pendulous, which will cause them 

 to produce blossom buds as desired. This 

 caution to promote the increase of blooming 

 buds must be attended to in all parts of the 

 tree when occasion requires it. 



Summer Pruning. As soon as the shoots 

 have pushed three or four inches in length, 

 they will require a regulation. There will 

 generally be two, three, or more shoots pro- 

 duced on the last year's wood which was 

 trained in between the branches, as Fig. 3. 

 a, b. The uppermost and lowest shoots must 

 always be retained, but all others be rubbed 

 off, or pruned clean away. When those that 



