Ch.XTIL] ON THE NATURE OF INCLINED STRATA. 257 



CHAPTER XIII. 



HAVE THE PRIMARY SCHISTOSE ROCKS BEEN ELEVATED 

 INTO THEIR PRESENT INCLINED POSITIONS BY PLUTONIC 

 AGENCY ? 



Points proposed for discussion the proofs of elevation and the existence of 

 an elevating power. Position of tubulites in the strata of Shropshire. 

 Elevated strata of conglomerates in Suffolk at Helford Harbour at 

 Bad-na-Bae. Inclined fan-shaped strata of Caithness depositions on 

 inclined planes calcareous grit of Palagonia shingle strata of Monte 

 Calvo. Inclined strata of vast extent. The vertical strata of the Isle of 

 Wight. The nature of igneous elevations. Igneous operations now in 

 action earthquakes volcanos elevation-craters not generally admitted, 

 Changes in the relative level of sea and land. Temple of Serapis coast 

 of Chili ancient beaches subsidence of the Baltic sea-cliffs and caves, 

 inland submarine forests. Phenomena of trap-rocks their position in 

 the strata of Sicily Skye and Pembrokeshire. Protrusion of granite 

 in a fluid and solid state disputed De Beaumont's Theory Position of 

 strata next granite not always easily determined. The bearings of 

 primary strata not obvious layers of these rocks threefold continuous 

 with those of granite. Conclusions. 



THE fate of many geological speculations depends on the 

 determination of the question which is about to engage our 

 attention. For the sake of the general reader, it may be 

 observed, that the prevalent opinion, at present, is, that the 

 strata were originally horizontal; and that their departure 

 from this position, indicates that they have been elevated by 

 some subterranean power, such as the upheaving and protrud- 

 ing of granite, or some other ignigenous rock. A contrary 

 opinion has been sometimes advocated : and it will be the 

 object of this chapter to enquire, whether the evidence already 

 collected will enable us to draw any satisfactory conclusion 

 on this subject. 



In our endeavours to dispute that the primary strata, now 



s 



