MILDEW. 



321 



Wasps are also enemies to grapes, and to prevent their in- 

 jurious attacks, it is recommended in the Dom, Encyclopedia, 

 to hang uj) here and there, along the outer rows, phials half 

 filled with water, well sweetened with honey, molasses, or 

 coarse brown sugar ; the mouth of the phial should be of suffi- 

 cient size for the wasps to enter easily, but not much larger ; 

 as they soon find out the molasses by the scent, and getting 

 into it, are drowned. Another mode is to take wide" earthen 

 pans, and cover them over, with honey or molasses without 

 water, and place several of them at suitable olistances the whole 

 length of the vineyard ; every wasp to leeward, that is, within 

 reach of the scent will come to the feast, when they will soon 

 entangle themselves in the molasses, and by attending to them 

 you may make it a deadly feast to nearly all that come. 

 When the wind changes to a different quarter, the pans can 

 be placed along a. different side of the vineyard. 



Birds commit depredations on the grapes when they have 

 nearly attained their maturity, and one of the best modes to 

 keep a vineyard free from their attacks, is stated to be that of 

 .destroying their customary food in the vicinity, particularly 

 such as ripens about the same time as the grapes, and which 

 consists chiefly of wild cherries and poke berries. 



Mr. Legaux is said to have practised the following method 

 of driving away birds : He having noticed that they only 

 committed depredations just before the rising and setting of 

 the sun, employed two boys to patrole the vineyard, each with 

 a whip in one hand and a rattle in the other, making all the time 

 as much noise as they could for an hour and a half. This 

 process was continued about three weeks every year. 



Mildew. 



Much discussion has arisen as to the point whether this sub- 

 stance is of an animal or vegetable nature, but be it plant 

 or animal, certain it is, that sulphur alone or a solution of sul- 

 phur and lime will totally suppresa it. The first mode adopt- 

 ed in using the sulphur, was to apply it in a powdered state 

 to the bunches of fruit when they were wet, so that the mois- 



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