CONTENTS. 

 PART I. INTRODUCTORY. 



PAGE. 



Geography and Technical Education. ... ... 7 



PART II. THE SOUTHERN OCEAN. 



CHAP. I. Its Name, Range, and General Characters ... 14 



2. The Temperature of its Waters 23 



3. Its Currents and Drifts ... ... ... 25 



4. Our Comparative Ignorance thereof ... ... 27 



PART III. OCEANIC CONTROL OVER CLIMATE. 29 



CHAP. I. Monsoonal Winds and Rainfall ... ... 31 



2. Cyclonic and Anti -cyclonic Systems ... ... 35 



3. Winds and Oceanic Circulation ... ... 36 



4. The Effect of Ocean Currents on Climate ... 39 



5. The Irregularities in Oceanic Circulation ... 40 



PART IV. THE WEATHER CYCLE. 45 



CHAP. i. Bruckner's Period ... .. ... ... 51 



2. The Balance of Oceanic and Continental Weather 



Conditions ... ... ... ... 57 



3. Necessary Irregularity in Length ... ... 64 



4. The Meteorological Provinces of Australasia ... 66 



5. Briickner's Period and the Sun ... ... 69 



6. Historic Recognition of the Bruckner Period ... 71 



7. Lockyer's Law of Famine Recurrence in India ... 72 



PART V. THE SOUTHERN OCEAN AND OUR 

 WEATHER. 



CHAP. I. The Influence of the Southern Ocean on the 



Indian Climate ... .. ... ... 78 



2. Iceberg Irruptions into the Southern Ocean ... 81 



3. The Interval between Disturbances in Oceanic 



Circulation and their effect on Weather ... 83 



PART VI. CONCLUSION. 

 CHAP. I. Wanted, a United Meteorological Service for 



Australia ... ... 85 



2. The Prospects of Long Period Weather Prediction 88 



APPENDICES. 



1. Soundings and Temperature Observations made 



by the Challenger^ Valdivia, and Gauss, in 



the Southern Ocean ... ... ... 92 



2. Some Iceberg Records in the Southern Ocean, 



Oct. and Nov. 1903 .. ... ... 95 



3. Extracts from one of the Annual Seasonal Fore- 



casts issued by the Indian Meteorological 

 Department ... ... ... ... 96 



