SUBFAMILY ERIOCOCCINAE 133 



and inconspicuous; anal ring of female nymphs with, six anal 

 ring setae. Chaetococcus Mask. 



Pseudococcus Westw. This is the largest genus of the subfamily. 

 Over one-half of the described species, one hundred or more, have been 

 reported from America. The species are as a rule very poorly differenti- 

 ated and difficult to identify. The most of them have been based upon 

 the comparative length of the antennal segments, characters which have 

 been shown several times to be absolutely worthless. The only published 

 study of a considerable number of species of any value is that of Ferris. 

 He has made use of the cerari, characters first noted by Marchal and 

 Smith independently. It is unfortunate that Ferris did not make use 

 of the cerores of the anal ring and the setae associated with them. 

 Credit is due Smith for the accuracy of his observations on the anal 

 ring as all his work was based upon unstained specimens. The follow- 

 ing table, although differently arranged, is based upon the work of Ferris, 

 supplemented where possible by that of Smith. There are the following 

 American species not included in the table: aphylonis Ckll. from Dis- 

 trict of Columbia on Aphyllon; azaleae Tins, from California on Azalea; 

 brevipes Ckll. from Jamaica on pineapple; bromeliae Bouche from India, 

 South Africa, Zanzibar, South America, Massachusetts on Mulberry, 

 Canna, Hibiscum, pineapple; claviger King & Tins, from Massachusetts 

 from the nests of Lasius; cockerelli King & Tins, from Massachusetts 

 from nests of ants; cualatensis Ckll. from Mexico; dasylirii Ckll. from 

 New Mexico on Dasylirion; filamentosus Ckll. from South Caicos Island, 

 Jamaica, Mauritius, Hawaiian Islands, Japan; formicarii Ehrh. from 

 Arizona on roots of Artemesia; grandis Hemp, from Brazil on Myrtaceae; 

 hymenocleae Ckll. from Arizona on Hymenoclea; iceryoides Mask, from 

 New Zealand, Australia, California on Fagus; ledi Ckll. from New York 

 on Ledum; liliacearum Bouche from South America on Liliaceae; mag- 

 nolicida King from Brazil; mamillariae Bouche from France, Central 

 America on Mamillaria, Cactus; mendozinus Leon, from Argentina on 

 Hyalis; missionum Ckll. from Argentina; neomexicanus Tins, from New 

 Mexico on Gutierrezia; olivaceus Ckll. from Mexico on Yucca; pseudoni- 

 piae Ckll. from Massachusetts, Michigan, California, Mexico on Cocoa- 

 nut-palm; percerorsus Leon, from Argentina on Gourliea; phoradendri 

 Ckll. from Arizona in hollow stems of Phoradendron attended by 

 Cremastogaster ; quaintancii Tins, from Florida on Rhus; roseotinctus 

 T. & W. Ckll. from New Mexico on roots of grass; sacchari Ckll. from 

 Trinidad, Barbadoes, Porto Rico, Mauritius, Mexico on Sugar-cane; 

 secretus Hemp, from Brazil on Solenaceae; segregatus Ckll. from Jamaica 

 on grass; setosus Hemp, from Brazil on Ficus; simplex Ckll. from Ja- 

 maica on Pancratum, "Liliaceous plants;" solani Ckll. from New Mex- 

 ico on potato; subterraneus Hemp, from Argentina on roots of grape; 

 texensis Tins, from Texas on Acacia; townsendi Ckll. from New Mexico; 

 tuliparum Bouche from South America; virgatus Ckll. from Jamaica, 

 Mexico, Texas, Mauritius, Hawaiian Islands on Acalypha, violets, cotton, 

 cocoanut-palm, cactus; and wheeleri King from Texas from nests of 

 Campanotus. 



