4 COCOA 



CHAP 



chocolate factories arose in Spain. One of the oldest 

 recipes for chocolate cakes is given by the physician 

 Bartholemy Maradon, as follows : Seven hundred 

 cocoa beans, one pound and a half of sugar, seven 

 ounces of cinnamon, fourteen grains of pimento, two 

 ounces of cloves, three pieces of vanilla or seven ounces 

 of aniseed. 



FIG. 2. Indians roasting and kneading cocoa. 

 From the Dutch edition of Girolamo Benzoni's History of the New World. 



From Spain the use of cocoa spread to Italy, where 

 it was introduced by a Florentine, Antonio Carlo tti. 



In France it became especially popular after the 

 marriage of Louis XIV. with Maria Theresa, who was 

 of Spanish origin. One of her Spanish servants was 

 very good at preparing chocolate, and Maria Theresa 

 herself was so fond of it that a French historian wrote : 

 " Le roi et le chocolat furent les deux seuls passions de 

 Marie Therese." 



About 1660 chocolate was also a popular drink in 



