VIII 



DISEASES AND ENEMIES 



237 



Very noxious in Java is tlie caterpillar of 

 a Bombycid moth, living as a borer in stem 

 and branches ...... 



In Kamerun and San Thome an allied 

 species causes much damage 



In Java small beetles, sometimes called 

 "bubuk" (Xyleborus sp. ), are sometimes 

 found, especially in stems attacked by canker 

 disease. 



Several other borers are found in different 

 countries ; some of them of comparatively 

 little importance, others not yet thoroughly 

 investigated. They need not be mentioned 

 here. 



In Kamerun the young branches are 

 sometimes attacked by a bug, which is 

 especially harmful to the green twigs . 



Zeuzera co/eae. 



San Thome borer (Zeuzera 

 sp.). 



Sahlbergella singularis. 



B (3). Damage to Stem and Roots. 



This is caused in many countries by 

 different mammals. 



G (1). Diseases of Leaves and Twigs caused by Fungi. 



In Surinam the twigs are attacked and de- 

 formed by the " witch-broom " fungus. This 

 fungus also attacks the fruits. To avoid 

 misunderstanding, in view of the next 

 mentioned disease, we call this pest 



In Kamerun another sort of witch-broom 

 disease, much less disastrous, attacks the 

 twigs ....... 



In Java, Kamerun, Ceylon, and the West 

 Indies both the branches and the twigs and 

 leaves are attacked by the already mentioned 



In Trinidad a wilt disease has been 

 observed, caused by the same fungus which 

 is the cause of "canker" and "black rot" 

 of pods. Probably this disease also occurs 

 in other countries 



The Surinam witch- 

 broom disease " (Colleto- 

 trichum luxificum). 



" The Kamerun witch- 

 broom disease" (prob- 

 ably caused by Taph- 

 rina Bussei}. 



"Cobweb-fungus" (Stil- 

 bella nana ?} 



" Chupon wilt " (Phyto- 

 phthora Fdberi). 



