DISEASES AND ENEMIES 269 



Zelmtner also recommended treating the stems and 

 branches regularly with lime, for he repeatedly observed 

 that Glenea beetles in cages fixed to limed trees often 

 died within one day, in spite of the presence of unlimed 

 food in the cages. 



Dead branches must never be left lying in the field 

 after pruning, as they may serve as hatching places for 

 the borers. 



The Glenea borer has occasionally been found in 

 "kapok" trees (Eriodendron anfractuosum), but as 

 yet in no other trees. 



FIG. 89. The Pelargoderus borer FIG. 90. The Monohammus borer 



( Pelargoderus bipunctatus) . ( Monohammus fistulator] . 



(Both natural size.) 



The Pelargoderus beetle (Pelargoderus bipunctatus, 

 Fig. 89) and the Monohammus beetle (Monohammus 

 fistulator, Fig. 90) are, next to the Glenea, the worst 

 cocoa-borers in Java. In several plantations the damage 

 done by these enemies is very serious. Their life-history, 

 however, has not yet been fully worked out. Both species 

 are known as enemies of various plants; the Pelargo- 

 derus lives also in canary trees (Canarium commune) 

 and in old pepper plants, and the Monohammus in 

 coffee trees and in castor-oil plants. 



In Kamerun, an allied Monohammus borer, Mono- 



