428 COCOA CHAP. 



young cocoa, and are removed after some three years 

 when the shade trees have grown up. 



It must, however, not be forgotten that bananas, 

 when planted for exporting the bunches, must be grown 

 in a different way than when planted as temporary shade. 

 In this last-mentioned case care must be taken that 

 the shade is not too dense, and when the cocoa and 

 the permanent shade trees get older, the bananas must 

 be removed gradually. It seems that this has not 

 always been done in Jamaica. 



The planting, in time, of trees for permanent shade 

 is another matter which has not always been practised 

 in the right way. The absence of shade trees, at the 

 time they are needed, is in Jamaica more prejudicial 

 to the cocoa than in other countries, because strong 

 w i n ds are no t rare > an d even hurricanes occur now and 

 then. Only in suitable and sheltered places can cocoa 

 be grown in Jamaica, as in other countries, without 

 shade, as on the north side of the island here and there. 



The hurricanes make the question of shelter-belts 

 of great importance. 



The types of cocoa grown belong to the Forastero 

 variety, as in all the other Antilles. Of the enemies, 

 the borer is to be considered the worst ; damage is also 

 experienced from the black rot of pods and the canker 

 disease. 



In Jamaica the aversion of the negro and mulatto 

 population to field work on plantations is the same as 

 in Trinidad and in Guiana. The descendants of slaves 

 who were imported in former centuries prefer to work 

 hard during a few days of the week and rest the other 

 days, rather than devote themselves to daily, regular 

 plantation work. Though labourers are present in 

 sufficient numbers, Jamaica has been obliged, like 

 Trinidad and Guiana, to introduce British East Indians. 

 The opportunity offered by the Panama Canal to earn 

 high wages makes many of the natives emigrate. So 

 we find in Jamaica, side by side, emigration of the black 

 population and immigration of British East Indians. 



