REMEDIES AGAINST 3I0SQUIT0ES 185 



Company. It thus appears tliat this is not a hig-h -priced 

 oil, and veiy likely in case of large-scale community work 

 it could be boug'ht by the tank-car at a very reasonable 

 rate. 



Kerosene may be applied simply by pouring- it upon 

 the surface of the water, when it will spread of itself, or 

 be si3read rapidly by light Avinds, or it may be spread 

 through a spraying" nozzle. A spraying method was used 

 successfully on Staten Island by Mr. Kerr and his asso- 

 ciates. The laborers em^Dloyed were furnished with 

 bucket-pumx3S and were able to throw the spray into 

 ponds for a considerable distance from the shore. The 

 use of a spraying nozzle, how^ever, does not seem to me 

 to be desirable. I watched the oiling of ponds by this 

 method at a New Jersey town, where the work was being 

 carried on under the auspices of a ladies' town-improve- 

 ment association, in the early summer of 1900. The water 

 treated was all in small woodland ponds and there was a 

 great waste of kerosene. The spray was diffuse, and be- 

 came scattered over the vegetation on the borders of the 

 ponds, a large share of it being wasted in this wa3\ On 

 small ponds the oil can be sprinkled to advantage out of 

 an ordinary watering-pot with a rose nozzle, or, for that 

 matter, pouring it out of a dipper or a cup will satisfac- 

 toril}^ treat a small pond of, say a hundred square feet of 

 water surface. With larger ponds, a pump with a straight 

 discharge nozzle may be used. The straight stream will 

 sink and then rise and spread, until the whole surface of 

 the pond can be covered without waste. The English 

 observers advise mopping the petroleum npon the surface 



