DISEASES OF CATTLE. 263 



instantly performed, which is called launching. This may be done 

 with the greatest ease ; midway between the illium or haunch bone, 

 and the last rib of the left side, to wliich the paunch inclines ; a 

 sharp pen-knife is frequently used, and persons in veterinary prac- 

 tice should always keep a long trochar ; which will be found much 

 the most efficacious, and by far the most safe, as it permits the air 

 escaping certainly and quickly, at the same time that it prevents its 

 entrance into the cavity of the abdomen, which would occasion an 

 equal distention. As soon as the air is perfectly evacuated, and the 

 paunch resumes its office, the trochar may be removed ; and in what- 

 ever way it is done, the wound should be carefully closed with 

 sticking plaster or other adhesive matter. It is necessary to observe, 

 that this operation is so safe, that whenever a medical assistant 

 cannot be obtained, no person should hesitate a moment about doing 

 it himself. After relief has been affi)rded, a stimulant drink may 

 yet be very properly given, such as half a pint of common gin ; or 

 one ounce of spirit of hartshorn in a pint of ale ; or two ounces of 

 spirit of turpentine in ale, may any of them be used as an assistant 

 stimulus. When also the cud is again chewed, still some relaxation 

 of the digestive organs may remain ; at first, therefore, feed spar- 

 ingly and give for a few mornings a tonic. [130 No. 1.] 



189. Inflammation of the bowels, or red colic, is by no means 

 unknown in cattle pathology ; the symptoms of which do not differ 

 from those common to the horse, and the treatment also, is in every 

 respect the same. C45.) 



190. Inflammation of the liver, or hot yellows, sometimes occur, 

 in which case, in addition to the symptoms detailed under hepatitis 

 in the horse (58,) there is, from the presence of systic bile in the ox, 

 a more determined yellowness of the eye-lids, mouth, and nostrils ; 

 the treatment must be similar. (58.) 



191. Inflammation of the kidnies, called red water, by the cow- 

 leeches, is not uncommon among cattle, and is perhaps dependent 

 on the lobulated form of these parts in them. The animal to the 

 other symptoms of fever, adds stiffness behind, and often straddles, 

 but always shrinks on being pinched across the loins, where fre- 

 quently increased heat is felt, the urine is sometimes scanty, and 

 now and then increased in quantity, but it is always first red, then 

 purple, and afterwards brown or black, when a fatal termination 

 may be prognosticated. The treatment has been fully detailed under 

 nephritis in the horse pathology, (60) and which consists in plentiful 

 oleedings, &.c. but carefully abstaining from the use of diuretics, as 

 advised by ignorant cow-leeches 



