516 GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. [part iv. 



Macroceramus (27 sp.), Antilles, Florida, and Peru. The 

 species have been more than doubled. 



Vitrina (26 sp.), widely scattered through North and Central 

 Europe, North-west America and Greenland, Abyssinia, Mada- 

 gascar and South Africa, Himalayas to Burmah and Australia. 

 Species since described have more than doubled the number in 

 this genus. 



Orthalicus (23 sp.), Bolivia to Mexico and Antilles. This genus 

 has been increased to about 40 species. 



Sagda (19 sp.), Antilles only. Very few new species, if any, 

 have been described. 



Zonites (12 sp.). South Europe, with one species of a distinct 

 type in Guatemala. The number of species in this genus has 

 been since about tripled. 



Leucocliroa (11 sp.), Mediterranean region to Syria and 

 Arabia Petrea. 



Simpulopsis (7 sp.), Bahia, Antilles, and far away in the 

 Solomon Islands. Two or three have been added. 



Balea (6 sp.), Middle and North Europe, Brazil, and the 

 Island of Tristan d'Acunha. 



Daudebardia (6 sp.). Central and South Europe ; and a species 

 has since been discovered in New Zealand. 



Macrocydes (4 sp.), Chili, California, Oregon and Central 

 North America. 



Cohcmna (3 sp.). West Africa, Princes Islands and Madagascar. 



Stenopus (2 sp.). Island of St. Vincent (West Indies.) 



Pfeifferia (2 sp.), Philippines and Moluccas. 



Testacella (2 sp.). West Europe and Teneriffe. About 8 species 

 have been since described, including one from New Zealand. 



Fossil species of Helix, Bulimus, Achat ina, Balea, and Clau- 

 silia, are found in all the Tertiary formations ; while a species 

 of Pupa (as already stated) occurs in the carboniferous forma- 

 tion. For interesting details of the distribution of the sub- 

 genera and species of Achatinella in the Sandwich Islands, see a 

 paper by Eev. J. T. Gulick in the Journal of the Linnean 

 Society. (Zoology, vol. xi. p. 496.) 



