36 INJURY BY SMELTER WASTES. 



From all the work done in the vicinity of Anaconda the following: 

 definite conclusions can be drawn : 



(1) The forests around the smelter appear from actual chemical 

 analysis to be injured for at least 10 miles north of the smelter, 6 

 miles south of the smelter, and 13 miles west of the smelter. 



(2) This injury to forests by sulphur dioxid undoubtedly extends 

 to a distance of 15 to 19 miles north of the smelter, 8 miles south of 

 the smelter, 15 miles west of the smelter, and perhaps even farther 

 in certain localities, although not proved by chemical analysis. 



(3) The junipers are very resistant to smelter fumes and are able 

 to grow close to the smelter; the red firs are susceptible to the fumes 

 and are badly damaged at distances of about 15 miles or perhaps 

 even farther; the lodgepole pines are intermediate between the other 

 two species of trees, but show damage for at least 10 miles. 



(4) Large quantities of arsenic are discharged from the smelter 

 on the surrounding country, this poison being found in forage crops 

 in large enough quantities to poison cattle. 



(5) The waste from the reduction plant discharged into the Deer 

 Lodge River renders it unfit for irrigation purposes. 



(6) The land irrigated by the Deer Lodge River, containing the 

 waste from the reduction plant, is greatly injured by the copper 

 present in the irrigation water. 



(7) The soils irrigated by the Deer Lodge River which were 

 studied by the writer do not contain enough alkali salts to be in- 

 jurious to ordinar}' farm crops. 



SECOND INVESTIGATION OF INJURY BY SMELTER WASTES 

 AROUND ANACONDA, MONT., 1908-9. 



A fourth study of injury to vegetation and animal life by smelter 

 fumes was conducted at Anaconda, Mont., during the summer of 

 1908, and continued at Washington, D. C, during 1908 and 1909. 

 Nearly all the samples taken were from public domain, some within 

 and some outside the bounds of the National Forests. As in the 

 ^former investigation at Anaconda, the chemist was accompanied by 

 a forester and the samples were taken in the same way and with the 

 same precautions as have been described. Observations of injury 

 to vegetation were made even more thoroughly than on the previous 

 inspection of this locality and special attention was given to the in- 

 jury to forests on public domain. 



