88 THE BOOK OF THE DOG. 



apart, but not so far as to interfere with point 3 of the second property, and neither prominent 

 nor deeply set in the head. (5) Direction of the corners: they should be at right angles to a 

 line drawn down the centre of the face. 



"4. The Stop (this is an indentation between the eyes). (i) Depth. (2) Breadth. (3) Length : 

 it should extend some considerable distance up the head. 



"5. The Face.-(i) Shortness, measured from the front of the cheek bone to the end of the 

 nose: this point cannot be carried to too great an excess. (2) Wrinkles: these should be deep, 

 and close together. (3) Shape : the muzzle should turn upwards. 



"6. 77/i? Chop.(\} Breadth. (2) Depth. (3) The covering of the teeth: these should be 

 perfect. 



"7. The Nose. (i) Size: should be large. (2) Should be black. (3) Width of nostrils. 



"8. The Termination of tlie Jaws. -(i) Breadth : should be as great as possible. (2) Relative 

 position : the lower jaw should project considerably in advance of the upper, so that the nose 

 is very much set back, but not to such an extent as to interfere with point 2 of the sixth 

 property. (3) Shape of the lower jaw : this should turn upwards. 



"9. The Neck. (i) Length: this should be moderate. (2) Thickness : should be considerable. 

 (3) Shape : it should be well arched at the back. (4) Wrinkles and dewlap. 



" 10. The Chest. (i) Width: this should be very great. (2) Shape: it should be deep and 

 round. 



" 1 1. The Body (exclusive of Property No. 10). (i) Shortness of back. (2) Width acoss back : 

 this should be very great at the shoulders, and the spine should rise at the loins, falling again 

 very much towards the stern, and forming an elegant arch. The ribs should be well rounded. 



"12. The Stern.- (i) Fineness. (2) Length: this should be moderate. (3) Shape: a slight 

 crook is no objection, but a screwed or knotted stern is a deformity. (4) Carriage : this should 

 be downwards ; the dog should not be able to raise it above the level of his back. (5) Situation 

 this should be low down at the insertion. 



" 13. The Fore-legs. (i) Stoutness: they should be very thick in the calves. (2) Shape: 

 rather bowed. (3) Length : they should be short, more so than the hind legs, but not so short 

 as to make the back appear long. (4) Width apart. 



"14. The Hind-legs (including stifles). (i) Length: should be moderate, but greater than 

 that of the fore-legs, so as to elevate the loins. (2) Position: the hocks should approach each 

 other, which involves the turning out of the stifles. (3) Roundness of the stifle. 



"15. The Fore-feet (including pasterns). (i) Shape: they should be moderately round, but 

 well split up between the toes. (2) Prominence of the knuckles. (3) Position : they should be 

 straight that is, neither turned outwards nor inwards. (4) Straightness of the pastern. (5) Size : 

 they should be rather small. 



" 16. The Hind-feet. (i) Shape : they are not expected to be so round as the fore-feet, but they 

 should not be long like a terrier's ; they should be well split up between the toes. (2) Prominence 

 of the knuckles. (3) Position: they should be turned outwards. (4) Straightness of the pasterns. 

 (5) Size : they should be rather small. 



" 17. The Coaf.-(i) Fineness. (2) Shortness. (3) Closeness. 



" 18. The Colour. (i) Uniformity: the colour should be "whole" (that is, unmixed with 

 white), unless the dog be all white, which is, in that case, considered a " whole" colour. (2) Tint : 

 this should be either red, red-smut (that is, red with black muzzle), fawn or fawn-smut, fallow or 

 fallow-smut, brindled, white, or pied with any of those colours. (3) Brilliancy and purity. 



" 19. General Appearance, Proportion, Carriage, and Size. (i) Proportion : no property should 



