28 Hybrids. 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



Location, 



brids have evidently inherited from the American pa- 

 rent the Phylloxera-resisting root, but also from the 

 European parent the non-resistance to our climatic in- 

 fluences and the great sensibility to mildew and rot. 

 In localities of this country where these destructive 

 influences and diseases do not prevail, most of these 

 hybrids will prove highly satisfactory ; they are 



A. Hybrids between Labrusca and Vinifera: 



ADELAIDE, 



AGAWAM, 



ALLEN'S HYBRID, 



AMINIA (R. 39), 



BARRY, 



BLACK DEFIANCE, 



BLACK EAGLE, 



BURNET, 



CLOVER STR. BLACK, 



CLOVER STR. RED, 



CONCORD CHASSELAS, 



CONCORD MUSCAT, 



DIANA HAMBURG, 



DON JUAN, 



DOWNING, 



EARLY DAWN, 



ESSEX, 



EXCELSIOR, 



GARTNER, 



GOETHE, 



HERBERT, 



HIGHLAND, 



IMPERIAL, 



IRWING, 



LlNDLEY. 



MASSASOIT, 



MERRIMAC, 



PLANET, 



REQUA, 



ROGERS' HYBRIDS,* 



SALEM, 



SENASQUA, 



TRIUMPH, 



WILDER, 



and many more, less known. 



B. Hybrids between Riparia and Vinifera : 



ADVANCE, NAOMI, 



ARIADNE, NEWARK, 



AUGUST GIANT, OTHELLO, 



AUTUCHON, PlZARRO, 



BRANDT, QUASSAIC, 



CANADA, SECRETARY, 



CORNUCOPIA, WAVERLEY. 



C. HYBRIDS between Varieties of American species and 

 Hybrids, especially Delaware. 



ALMA (Bacchus with Hybr.) 

 BERCKMANS (Clinton with Del.) 

 BRIGHTON (Concord with Diana Hamb.) 

 CENTENNIAL (Eumelan with Del.) 

 DUCHESS (w. Concord with Del.) 

 EL DORADO (Cone, with Allen's Hybr.) 

 GOLDEN GEM (lona with Del.) 

 LADY WASHINGTON (Cone, with Allen's Hybr.) 

 MONROE (Concord with Del.) 

 POUGHKEEPSIE (I0na with Del. or Walter). 

 PURITY (? on Del.) 

 RARITAN (Concord with Del.) 

 ROCHESTER (Diana with Del.) 

 WALTER (Del. with Diana), 

 and others ; mostly new. 



These are considered very promising, and some, as 

 the BRIGHTON, the DUCHESS, the LADY WASHINGTON, 

 are already highly esteemed ; it is supposed that they 

 will become more successful, their origin being three- 

 fourths native. But for localities where the Delaware, 

 or other hybrid parent, does not succeed, mainly on 

 account of mildew., we cannot share the high expecta- 

 tions for any of them expressed by others. The efforts 

 of hybridizers therefore have been, of late, wisely direc- 

 ted to the producing of crosses between purely native 



* Not named. 



varieties; most remarkable among the new grapes thus 

 produced are the JEFFERSON (white Concord with lona) 

 and the EMPIRE STATE (a seedling of the Hartford 

 Prolific fertilized with the Clinton), both by Ricketts. 

 And it seems that in these, fine quality and beauty of 

 fruit are united with a strong vigorous growth of vine 

 and thick, mildew-resisting foliage. 



In the former editions of this Catalogue we alrea- 

 dy expressed our conviction that the production of 

 healthy, successful Hybrid grapes from tender, unreli- 

 able natives, such as the lona, with the here still more 

 unhealthy Vinifera, is highly improbable, especially 

 when some glasshouse-grown variety of the latter is 

 used for that purpose. European horticulturists are 

 now largely engaged there in producing new hybrids 

 between American and their own varieties ; but it is 

 doubtful whether even these will prove a great gain for 

 American grape culture here. Its progress depends, 

 we think, on the production of grapes from the seed of 

 our native species, and from cross-breeding their best 

 varieties, carefully selecting those most adapted to our 

 own locality. 



LOCATION. 



The only general rules we can give to guide 

 in the selection of a proper, desirable location 

 for vineyards, are : 



I. A good win e-gro wing region is one where 

 the season of growth is of sufficient length to 

 ripen to perfection our best wine grapes, ex- 

 empt from late spring frosts, heavy summer 

 dews, and early frosts in autumn. Do not at- 

 tempt, therefore, to cultivate the grape in low, 

 damp valleys, along creeks ; high table-lands 

 and hillsides, with their dry atmosphere and 

 cool breezes, are preferable to rich bottom lands; 

 low situations, where water can collect and 

 stagnate about the roots, will not answer; wher- 

 ever we find the ague an habitual guest with 

 the inhabitants, we need not look for healthy 

 grape-vines ; but on the hillsides, gentle slopes, 

 along large rivers and lakes, on the bluffs over- 

 hanging the banks of our large streams, where 

 the fogs arising from the water give sufficient 

 humidity to the atmosphere, even in the hot- 

 test summer days, to refresh the leaf during 

 the night and morning hours, there is the lo- 

 cation for the culture of the grape. Shelter 

 has also an important bearing on the healthy 

 growth of the vines ; some well-located vine- 

 yards have not proven lucrative for the want 

 of proper shelter ; where it is not afforded by 

 woods growing near by, it shoud be provided 

 for by planting trees ; large trees, however, 

 should not be planted sc near the vines as to 

 interfere with their roots. One of our vine- 

 yards has been thus protected by an arbor 

 vitae fence from the north and west winds. 

 This fence is now 15 years old, over 8 feet high, 

 and is considered one of the finest ornaments 

 to our grounds. There are some locations so 



