Grafting. 



GRAPE MANUAL. 



Grafting. 35 



is generally used for tree and other grafting, 

 cannot be recommended for the grape, as the 

 tallow and rosin seem to have a deleterious 

 influence. 



To complete the operation, replace the soil, 

 filling it up so that the upper bud on the scion 

 will be level with the surface. A shade placed 

 so as to protect it from the noonday sun, or a 

 slight mulch, is very desirable. 



This method of grafting may also be em- 

 ployed for small stocks ; when the stock is 

 nearly the same size as the scion a perfect con- 

 tact of the, bark (liber) can be obtained on 

 both sides. (See Fig. 47.) 



Or two scions may also be inserted in a stock 

 of a little larger size (see Fig. 48). 



It can also be employed for grafting cuttings 

 on cuttings (as figured in Fig. 49), though for 

 this, and in fact for all small stocks grafted 

 out of the ground, we would prefer the WHIP- 

 GRAFT, or, better yet, the " CHAMPIN-GRAFT," 

 of which we will speak later. 



Another mode of cleft-grafting, which, though 

 a little more tedious, is perhaps also that much 

 more certain, is to saiv a slit in the stock about 

 one and a half inches deep with a thick-bladed 

 or wide-set saw, instead of using the chisel. 

 The cleft thus made must be spread open suffi- 

 cient only to receive the scion, which must be 

 cut to fit nicely in the slit, with its upper por- 

 tion resting, with a square shoulder each side, 

 on the stock. In this instance we prefer to graft 

 with two buds, the lower one of which should 

 be the point where to cut the shoulders. In 

 other respects the same rules apply to this mode 

 as those given before. The greatest advantage 

 is that we can always make a clean straight 

 cleft, even when the stock is gnarly or twisted. 



As the slit cut by the saw is always of a 

 uniform thickness, the scions may be prepared 

 beforehand in the house during a rainy day/ or 

 in the evening, and kept in damp moss until 

 wanted. 



We spoke before of the "WHIP-GRAFT" and 

 the "CHAMPIN-GRAFT" as being preferable 

 for small stocks or for cuttings grafted upon 

 cuttings. The ordinary whip-graft (the greffe 

 anglaise of the French) is well known to our 

 horiculturists, and, probably, to most of our 

 readers ; it is this graft which is most gener- 

 ally employed by our nurserymen in the propa- 

 gation of all small fruit trees, in making root- 

 grafts, and it is especially convenient for graft- 

 ing in-doors, for the "graft on the table" or for 

 the "graft by the hearth-stone," as the French 

 designate it. 



In France millions of this grape-graft are 

 made every winter, mostly on rooted plants of 

 one year's growth, but very many also on sim- 

 ple cuttings of Phylloxera-resisting varieties. 



The stocks and scions should both be pro- 

 vided in good season and kept well-preserved 

 in sand, sawdust, moss, or other suitable ma- 

 terial, and stowed away in a convenient place in 

 the cellar. For this 

 method of grafting 

 it is very desirable, 

 though not really es- 

 sential, that the stock 

 and scion should be as 

 nearly as possible of 

 a uniform size. The 

 ordinary whip-graft, 

 as employed for the 

 grape, is best ex- 

 plained by the ac- 

 companying Figs. 50 

 and 51. 



Fig. 47. 



Fig. 48. 



Fig, 49. 



Fig. 50. 



Fig. 51. 



